सोमवार 29 मार्च 1982 की अव्यक्त मुरली

Defect, demerit, vice, fault.

Stupid, foolish, blockheaded, nincompoop.

Dirty, filthy.
Unclean.
Foul.
n.m. Excrement, faeces.

Vishnuite, vaishnava, follower of Viṣṇu. They are required to respect the vegetarian diet where meat, fish, eggs, garlic, onion (and also leek, chives), alcohol, tobacco and drugs are prohibited.
(Bābā) One who eats only pure food.
(Bābā) True vaiṣṇav. The one who does not touch anything impure. One who attains complete purity of thoughts, feelings, sanskars, attitudes, actions, relations and of course eats satvic food. He belongs to the Vishnu dynasty.

Thinking about others.
(especially) Thinking about the faults of others, especially if we talk about these.

A lawyer, pleader, an advocate.

Evident, apparent.
Conspicuous.
Outward, obtensible.

A customer, client.

Ticking sound (as that of a watch).

To swing, to oscillate, to dangle.

Impure.
Corrupt (as language or style).
Erroneous, inaccurate, incorrect, wrong.

Reverse, reversed, topsy-turvy, opposite, contrary, overturned, inverted.

Judge.

To change, to modify, to transform.

Master, lord, ruler.
God.

The Preserver of the world who adds himself to the Creator Brahmā and the Destroyer Śaṅkar (confused with Śiv the Supreme Being in Hinduism) to form the trimūrti.
(Bābā) Four-armed deity. A symbol of harmony of masculine and feminine qualities in a perfect person. A symbol of pure family path, a symbol of perfect couple.

Dirt, mud, slime, sewage, sludge.
Mattery discharge which collects in the corner of the eye.

To wear (as clothes).
To put on (as clothes, watch, ornaments, etc.)

Food, victuals, dish of food, meal.

Court.

(One) who forms good wishes.
(One) who thinks or reflects on good, happiness or prosperity.
(One) who is concerned with good, happiness and prosperity.

Entered, admitted.

Adulteration, adulterant.
Blend, mixing.
Alloy.

Liked by the Father, approved by the Father.

Contrary, opposite, inverse.
Unfavourable, inauspicious.
Contrary (of disposition).

To last.
To stay.
To tarry.
To stand (one's ground).

Relation, relationship, connection.

A swing.
A cradle.

Forgetfulness, oversight, neglect, negligence, omission, failure, miss, slip, mistake, error, blunder, fault.

Belonging to the lineage, dynasty, clan of.

Image of virtue.

Meritorious, virtuous, possessing good qualities, excellent, perfect.

Earth, soil, clay, dirt, dust.
Mortal remains.

A point, dot.
Zero.
A small round mark (of virmilion, sandal, etc.) on the forehead.

Betel, betel-leaf.
(The act or process of) drinking (water or any other liquid).

Might.

(mode and manner of) eating and drinking.
Living.
Social relationship.

Past events or experiences; the past.

Self-reflecting, self-reflection, thinking about oneself, self-contemplation, self analysis.

Knowledgeful.

Case.

Liking, choice, taste, preference.
Approval.
Approved, liked.

A garland (of flowers), wreath.
Rosary, string of beads.
Series, chain, row, line.

To pass, elapse, expire (as time).
To come to pass, take place, occur, happen, befall, arrive.
To undergo, suffer, endure.

Happiness, cheerfulness, delight, pleasure, gladness.

Footman, infantryman, pedestrian, pawn (in chess).

List.

Short term.

Merit, virtue, great quality, excellence.
Constitutive quality, property, attribute.
One of the 3 qualities: sattva (purity, truth), rajas (strength, desire), and tamas (ignorance, inertia).

Knowledge.

Eclipse.
Taking, catching, seizing.

Discontent, dissatisfaction.

Laughter, joke, derision, ridicule.

To lose, to waste, to squander.

Charming (God’s title).
(Hinduism) Ramchandra-the greatest of the ancient Indian kings of Solar dynasty and the hero of the great Indian epic—Ra:ma:yāṉ; God, an incarnation of Vishṉū.
(Bābā) The name of the first king of silver age.
(Bābā) A character from the Ramayana considered as an incarnation of God and symbolizing the forces of Good.

Complication; entanglement; perplexity.

To spread, to extend, to expand, to span, to unfold, to outstretch, to stretch.
To make calculations, to work out.
To propagate, to make public.

Clean, clear, neat, pure, transparent.

A tribe, community, sect.
A family, house, lineage.

Give your mind to me ; Remember Me alone ; Fix your mind on one ; Fix your mind on me; Remember Father.

Thorn, spicule, fork, hook, fishing hook, prong.
Balance, the tongue of a balance.
Hands of a watch.
The process of testing the correctness of a multiplication sum.
Bone of fish.
A thorn in the side; inconvenience, impediment (as to progress); cause of care or suffering.

To be liked.
To be agreeable, to be pleasing, to be appealing.

A large concourse of people for religious or commercial purposes, a fair.

Light.
(Bābā) Electricity.

The sun of Gyān, sun of Knowledge.

Weakness, feebleness ; deficiency ; debility.

To play, sport, gambol, frisk, frolic; to amuse or divert oneself.
To play at, to gamble, to play a part or character, to act, to perform.
To nod the head under the influence of a spirit.

Plain.

Plane.

Unobtained, unachieved, unacquired.

To forget.

Studious, practising, repeating, exercising, carrying on practice, carrying on training.
Well-up, trained.

Use.

Pity, compassion, mercy.

Play; sport; amusement; dallying.
A game.
Something easy or unimportant: a trifle.
A wonder, a spectacle.
Showing (as of a film).

Last.

High, lofty, tall, raised, elevated, exalted, eminent.

To cry, to shout, to squeak.

Limit, boundary.
Bounds (of law, usage), moderation; custom; convention.
Correct behaviour; decorum.
Station, dignity; honour.

To experience, to feel, to perceive.

True, genuine, real.
Truthful, sincere, loyal, faithful.

Good feeling, auspicious feeling.

To bear.
To possess.
To wear.
To assume.
To seize, retain.
To draw, to absorb, &c.

To fly.
To fade, to get dim, to vanish.
To explode.

(a form of address for) an elder sister.

Among themselves, with each other or one another, together, mutually, in common, in concert.

To light, to kindle, to burn, to scorch, to excite envy, to provoke jealousy.

Far from, far off from.

Challenge.

Circumstance(s).
(Bābā) External situation, external condition.

The Father Śiv.

In place of, in lieu of, instead of.

Idol, statue, image.

Office, status, rank.
A versified composition (esp. eulogizing God or His sport).
Foot (of a measure or verse).
Footstep, step.
Expression, term, word in its particular context.
Articles (like an umbrella, shoes, clothes, utensils) given away for the gratification of the soul of a deceased.
(Bābā) Position obtained in the Golden Age (king, queen, subject, servant, etc.) through current efforts (of the Age of Encounter).

Waste.

West.

Deformation, defilement.
Change or variation (for the worse).
Deviation from a natural state, perversion, disorder.
(Bābā) Vice (Sex lust, Anger, Greed, Attachment and Ego).

'path'. Manner (of acting), practice, method.
Custom, usage, system (of procedure).
Manner, style (as of life).

Sight, view, vision, glance.
(Bābā) Vision, look.

Habit.

Deprived.
Cheated, deceived, tricked.

Point.

The other coast, the other bank, the other side.
Extremity, limit, conclusion, end.
Across, on the other side, on the other bank, on the other coast.
Past, last, next.

To go up, to ascend, to climb, to rise, to increase.

Brother.

The neck, the front part of the neck, throat, gullet.
Voice.

Happiness, pleasure, comfort, felicity, contentment.

Army, the military.

Number.

Pure, sacred.
Unadulterated, uncorrupt.
Correct, rectified, amended.
Clean.

Complete satisfaction, contentment, gratification.

Entirely, completely, totally, wholly, universally, altogether.

A watch, time-piece.
Moment.
An hour.

Standing, erect, upright, straight, vertical, steep, stationary.

Remembrance of the Father.

Natural.

To be contained, to enter, to fit, to permeate.

Speech, voice.
Saraswati : the goddess of speech.

To change, to alter, to replace.
To convert, to be converted.
To go back (on one's word).

King, ruler, governor, one who has the right to rule.

To eat, to feed on, to consume, to swallow, to take.
to get, to receive.
To feel, to suffer, to endure.
Eating, food, meal, dinner.

First.

Foot, leg.

Predestination, destiny, fortune, fate, lot, venture, chance.
(Bābā) Destiny resulting from actions performed in a previous birth (fruit of karma).

To write, to enter, register, record, inscribe, note, compose (a work), enter (in a book).

A gem, precious stone.
The most outstanding individual of a class.
The pupil of the eye.
(in comp.) Anything valuable or desirable, any precious thing, anything excellent or best of its kind (e.g. strī-ratn, 'a pearl of a woman').

'Making one's own,' taking on one's self, assent, agreement, consent, acquiescence, acknowledgment, acceptance.

Or.
That is.

Motion, movement.
Speed.
State, condition, plight.
Shape, appearance.
Access, approach, pass.
Destiny, salvation.

Sign, signal, hint, indication, gesture.

'to make mindful'.
To cause to agree, to persuade; to reason with; to prevail on.
To console.
To conciliate (an opponent, one offended); to placate; to soothe.
To invoke (a deity); to worship; to propitiate (a patron, &c.).
To cause to be kept, to celebrate (as a festival, a holiday).
(poetry) To acknowledge (a fault).
To meditate, to reflect on.

Name.

Holding, bearing, carrying, keeping, wearing.
Upholding, maintaining, sustaining, preserving.
Possessing, having, assuming.
Knowing, acquiring.
Undertaking.

Self (myself, himself, itself, &c.).
Own, private, personal.

Inculcation of the knowledge and virtues of the Supreme in our practical life.

Emotion, sentiment feeling.
Idea.
Rate, price(s), quotation.
Existence, existing state, being.
Sense, purport.
Gist.
Nature, temperament, disposition.

Bulky, fat.
Gross, coarse; undifferentiated; outward, apparent.
Crude, rough, gross.
Dense, stupid.
philos. Tangible, material (as opposed to sūkṣma, subtle).
(Bābā) Tangible, material.

The age of meeting. The fifth age of the cycle allowing the transition from the Iron Age to the Golden Age. The age when human beings can know, meet, remember and learn from God to become deities and go to heaven.

Group.

To be pleasing, agreeable or palatable, to please.
To appear pretty or becoming, to look well.
To become, befit, suit; to afford pleasure.
To derive pleasure or enjoyment, to enjoy, relish; to have a good effect, prove beneficial, to benefit.

Obtaining, acquisition; attainment (to a goal, a level); fulfilment (of a request).
Gain, advantage; income.
Receipt (of a letter, &c.); reception (of guests).

Except, but, with the exception (of).

To live, to be alive.

Master, employer, owner, lord (as landlord), proprietor.
Husband.

Mental, born of the mind.
Mentally, through the mind.

Sea, ocean (huge expanse of water of which we cannot see the end).

Fruit (from a tree).
(fig.) Fruit, reward, return, effect, outcome, result, consequence, product.

Time, occasion.

Base, basis, foundation.
(sindhi) A support, prop, dependence.
(Bābā) Support.

Below, under, beneath, at the bottom, down, below.

Birth, origin, genesis.
Life, existence.

See.

Interruption, interference, meddling, obstacle, disturbance.

Middle, centre.

According to, in conformity with.

Weak, feeble, ineffectual.

Certainly, undoubtedly, positively, without fail.

Several, sundry, divers, some, some few.

Time.

Different, separate, apart, distinct.

Number one.

To put in, to pour, to drop, to thrust.

Paternal grandmother.
(Brahma Kumaris) Eldest sister (older in gyan than the Didis who are also elder sisters)

To be born.

Someone else, anyone else.

You (between equals).

Change, alteration, variation.
Exchange (of objects, goods); conversion (of funds, currency).
Transformation.

Labour, hard work, toil.
Industry, application.
Exercise.

On, upon, above, upward, over.

Work, task, job, employment, performance, function.

Passion, lust.
Desire.

Action (with its fruit, and implications of merit); an act, deed.
(moral) duty or obligation.
A religious observance, action or rite (as sacrifice, ablution, funeral obsequies).
Fate (as the consequence of previous acts); fortune, lot.
Result, effect.

Treasure.
Treasury, repository.

Perfecting, finishing; refining; adorning.
An inborn power or faculty; instinct.
Influence, impress (of nurture).
A concept, idea.
(Hinduism) Any of various essential sanctifying or purificatory rites (as the first taking of solid food, investiture with the sacred thread, marriage and funeral rites).
(Bābā) Impression or imprint of the state of mind. There are the innate saṅskār, inherent to the soul and the acquired saṅskār. When the soul does an action, an acquired saṅskār is formed. This saṅskār then incites us to the same action (with the same state of mind) in similar circumstances for example. Character traits are saṅskār. These saṅskār are part of the soul and not the body as many believe. They therefore accumulate over several lives.

Year.

Drama.
(Bābā) Film (which repeats itself identically unlike a play).
(Bābā) The Great Drama of life lasting 5000 years which revolves eternally. Human beings are the actors: souls occupying a costume or body. The sun, moon and stars are the lighting of the stage. The part of each person is inscribed in the soul and cannot be modified, which makes the Drama predestined.

Family, household.

The instinctive mind that creates thoughts according to its desires or aversions. Faculty of human beings shared with animals and small children.
Thought in the form of desire or aversion.

Companion, comrade, associate, attendant, follower; ally, accomplice, supporter.

(Hinduism) The first of the four castes in traditional Hindu social hierarchy whose main duty, as prescribed, was to study, to teach, to perform yagya and to subsist through alms.
(Brahma Kumaris) The mouth born child of Brahma.

(emphatic form of vah) That very, that very one.

Future; what has yet to be, what will be, the future.

The best, good, excellent, superior.

Result.

The intelligent mind that thinks, observes its thoughts, sets a goal, imbibes knowledge or beliefs and judges what is right or not, what conforms to its purpose or not. This mind grows until an adult age.

With, along with, in the company of, in company with, in connection with.
We will replace kē with a possessive pronoun mērē (mine), tērē (yours), etc. to say "with me", "with you".

Second.

Master.

The aim, object, objective, target, goal.
Indicated, implied.

To sleep.

Finished, ended, concluded, terminated, completed.

(superlative) Of all, the most.

To sing, to chant.
A song.

Situated, located, placed.
Circumstanced.

Manner, way.

Towards.

With, together, along with.
Company, association.

Visible, perceptible, clear, evident, vivid, real, actual, express, explicit.
Direct, immediate; personal (as acquaintance).
Visible reality, actuality.

Either, or (usually repeated).
चाहे ... चाहे, either ... or; whether ... or.

Near (in place or time), beside, proximate, close by, at hand.

Happy, pleased.
Good.

By oneself, on one's own.
Of one's own accord or volition.
Involuntarily, automatically.
By nature, naturally.
Self-.

Shape, form.
Appearance.
Character, nature.
(Hinduism) Form assumed by a deity, or by the ultimate being; image, idol.
Of the same nature or character; similar.
(suffix) Having the nature or character (of), by way of, as, amounting to.
(Bābā) Form assumed by the soul; image.

Each, every.
Each one, everybody.

Knowledge directly taught by God.

To fall, to fall down, to drop.
To lie (down).
To occur, to befall.
To be involved; to be hit.
(Following the uninflected infinitive of another verb, paṛnā, like honā, signifies 'have to,' 'must'; e.g. usko jāne paṛā, 'he had to go'; — annexed to the base of some neuter verbs it forms intensives, as gir-paṛnā, 'to fall down'; — annexed to the base of a transitive verb it has generally the sense of honā, as dekh paṛnā, 'to be seen,' 'to become visible').

Otherwise, or else, if not, lest, but for.
No, certainly not.

Or.

Big, large, great, huge, important, commodious, expansive.
Noble, reputed.
Elder, elderly, senior.
Grown up.
Rich.
adv. Very, exceedingly.

(interrogative adjective and adverb of manner) What-like, what sort of, what kind or manner of, in what manner, how, by what means.

Not (subjunctive or imperative).
Na .. na, Neither .. nor.
Repetitive Compounds of indefinite Pronouns, and of Adverbs formed from them are made by placing the Negative particle between the two words. These Compounds have a pronounced indefinite force. (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi - Appendice III 5-j)

Easy, simple.
Spontaneous, straightforward, ingenuous.
Innate, natural, congenital.

Second.
Other, another.
Next.

To, upto, till, until, by.

Two, 2.

Side, direction.
Towards.

Connection, relationship.

Equal, equivalent, similar, alike, identical, tantamount.

Speciality, peculiarity, singularity, quality, attribute, characteristic.

Is necessary, is needful, is requisite, is proper, is right.
It behoves.
Should, ought, must (be).

Cause, reason, factor, purpose, motive.
For the sake of, on account of.
(Bābā) Instrument. He who acts for the Cause of God, in His name.

To can, to be able to.

Human effort or exertion; valour; industry.
An object of human pursuit.
(Hinduism) The four basic aims of human existence (viz. dharm discharge of duty; arth acquirement of wealth; kām gratification of desire; mokṣha final emancipation).
(Bābā) The effort made by the soul to attain perfection.
(Bābā) Spiritual effort. The effort made for the sake (arth) of development of the soul (puruṣh). This effort includes the steps we take for attaining the perfect state of our original and eternal self.

(Hinduism) 'The forest of the demon Madhu,' near the Yamuna river (where Śhatru-ghna, after killing Lavaṇa, son of Madhu, founded the city of Madhurā or Mathurā, the city where Kr̥iṣhṇa was born, where God was incarnated).
(Bābā) Place where the seat of the Brahma Kumaris is located where the Supreme Being has descended on numerous occasions (in the body of Brahmā, then of Dadi Gulzar).

Action, act, activity.
Work, task, duty, function, role.
Occupation.
Business, matter (in hand), agenda.

If, if so be, in case, in the event of.

Yād and pyār: remembrance and love, remembrance and affection.

Joy, delight, happiness.

To know, to become aware of, to perceive.

Why.

'not one'. Many, several, various, much, abundant.

Reason, cause.
Agency, instrument.
For the reason, because (of, -ke), on account (of), for the sake (of), &c.

Sometime, ever.

Then, again, afterwards, thereafter, in future, a second time.

As much as this, this much; so much, so many.

To hear, to listen, to pay heed.
Hearing, audition.

Today.

Special, specific, particular, distinctive, characteristic, typical.

Memory, remembrance.
Books of traditional code of Hindu law.

Child, kid, baby, infant.
Inexperienced, raw, of unripe age.

A postposition denoting the subject (ergative case that is to say with a past participle).

Something; anything.
A little, some.
fig. sthg. particular.
Some; any.
A few.
Somewhat, a little, at all.

To turn.
To wander, to ramble, to walk about, to go round.

Power, strength, potency, energy.
Name of the goddess personifying divine power.
The energy or active power of a deity personified as his wife (as Gaurī of Śhiv, Lakṣhmī of viṣhṇu, &c.)
(Brahma kumaris) Sister, mother.
Śhiv Śhakti, the powers of Śhiv. In Bhakti they are portrayed as goddesses sitting on a lion, swan, lotus etc. They are symbolic of the victory over vices (demons). As power of Śhiv, brothers are Śhiv Śhakti too.

To put, to place, to keep, to possess, to have, to employ, to appoint.

To engage, to employ.
To attach, to join, to connect.
To plant.
To apply.
To affix.
To make someone hang around.
To levy.
To touch.
To invest.
To paste, to stick.
To set, to fix.
To shut, to close.
To keep.
To backbite.
To inflame.
To add.

To wish, to want, to like, to love, to be fond of, to crave for, to desire, to require.

To cause to hear, to relate, to read out, to recite, to pronounce.

All ; whole, entire, complete.

(interrogative) How much, how many.
(exclamative) So, so much, so many.

Anyone, someone, any.

As much as, as many, how much, however much.

For, for the sake of.

On this account, for this reason, hence, therefore.

To speak, to utter, to pronounce.
To bid.

By, through, through the medium of, through the agency of, by means of, with.

Remembrance, recollection, memory.

interrogative pronoun. Who

That is, that is to say, namely (viz.).

First, first of all, in the beginning, in olden times, originally, before, beforehand.

Many, much.
Very.

Because, since.

Experience.

To (treat as one's) own.
To adopt.
To appropriate.

Or, either.

Emphatic form of yah: this very.

A matter, topic, subject, concern, fact, thing.

The soul, the spirit, the self.

Always, perpetually, continually, ever.

Bāp and Dādā.
The Father Śhiv and the elder brother Brahmā,
The father Brahmā and the Grandfather Śhiv.

Father.

Emphatic particle at the end of the sentence: no?, isn't it?
No.

To take.

To understand.

To see, to look, to view, to perceive, to observe.
To consider.
To experience.

Say.

Some, any, someone, anyone.

Time.
Period.
Times, timings.
Occasion.
Leisure.
A convention.

But, but still, on the other hand, however, notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet.

(Relative pronoun) When.

Continue.

To meet, to encounter, to be mixed, to be mingled, to unite, to merge, to tally, to conform, to obtain, to get, to acquire, to be acquired, to beget, to embrace, to form an alliance.

To go, to depart, to lose, to flow.

Rūp, the one who smiles while making the flowers of virtues emerge from his lips. He is the embodiment of Yoga.
Form, shape, appearance, aspect, image, beauty, good looks, mould, type.

To make, to construct, to compose, to build, to prepare, to make ready, to form.
To pull somebody's leg, to patch up, to develop a good equation with.
To befool.

पर denotes :

• Location or position on or upon or at something.
• Point of time at which an action takes place.
• Sequence of actions of happenings.
• Cause or reason.
• Objects of (compound) Verbs signifying mercy, faith, confidence, anger etc.
  (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

A suffix denoting an agent, doer, owner, possessor, keeper or inhabitant : the one of, the one with, the one who.

Similar to, like, resembling, as, such as.

To give.

Opposite, inimical, other, alien, higher.

Good.
Well.
All right, well done.
So long.

Now.

You (to a superior, a stranger, his father).
(reflective pronoun) Self, himself, oneself, yourself, themselves...

Interrogative pronoun What? for an open question.
Interrogative adjective What?, Which? (if followed by a name).
Interrogative pronoun for a closed question (yes/no type).

To become, be, change, belong (with a possessive pronoun or a noun in the genitive case).

One, 1, a, single, alone.
The number one.
The One, the Number One. God. There is only one God (Supreme Being) but many gods and goddesses (golden age deities).

To come.

That (to report indirect speech, example he says that).

All, entire, whole, total.
Every.
All people, everybody, the whole.

Such, of this type.

(Hinduism) Sacred syllable symbolising God Almighty.
Sacred syllable symbolising the almighty soul in general. (Hindus confuse the soul and the Supreme Soul)
I am.
Me the soul.

Reflexive possessive pronoun and adjective : my, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, etc.

Peace, calmness, quiet, tranquillity, quietude, silence.

To remain, to stay.

Not manifest, not apparent, imperceptible, indistinct.

No.
Not.

3rd person personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun or determiner in a close context : he, she, this (also they, these).

Relative pronoun (without distinction of gender or number): who, that, which, what. Can be coupled with vah creating an identity relationship between the two terms of two propositions in the sentence.

And.
Else.
Other.

Third person personal pronoun: he, she, it (and also they).
Distant demonstrative pronoun and adjective: that (and also those).

The letter K of our alphabet (used as an initial in acronyms).

Key.

Then, therefore, moreover.
An emphatic particle (e.g. मैं तो जाऊँगा).
At any rate, however, at least.

Emphatic particle with a sense of exclusion : only.

का denotes one of the under-mentioned relations between a Noun or a Pronoun and another Noun which follows the former. If the Noun that follows is Feminine (singular or plural), का changes to की; if it is Masculine and Plural, or has an oblique form, का changes to के.

• Possession and relationship.
• Material or composition.
• Worth and measure (space or time).
• Source, origin, cause.
• Subject (doer of an act).
• Object (of an activity).
• Part of a whole.
• Purpose.
• Characteristic.
  (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

To be.
To happen, to occur.
To exist.
To be born.

To do.
Also used after a transitive English verb to conjugate.

में is used for denoting :

• Location or presence (of something) in or within something.
• Duration.
• Price.
• Comparison with reference to more than two, or difference.
  (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

को is used for denoting:

• A Person who 'does' something involuntarily (such as—like, dislike, remember, be injured, be offended, suffer, feel, enjoy, receive, happen, to have, to meet, to know, to see or to hear, or to do something under compulsion, requirement, necessity, obligation, etc.).
• An Animate Object, provided it denotes a particular being.
• The object of a Verb in the Neutral Construction.
• Every Secondary Object (which is usually animate).
• The Object of a Verb requiring a predicative word (referring to the object).
• Nouns denoting time when used adverbially.
  (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

Inclusive emphatic particle: too, also, even.

से is used for denoting :

• The Subject of a Verb in the passive and impersonal voices.
• The indirect Objects (which are usually persons) of the Verbs meaning 'to tell, say, ask, ask for, beg, demand, claim, request’.
• Means, instrument or agency.
• Manner.
• Cause, reason, origin.
• Association, antagonism.
• Separation or keeping away from.
• Starting point (place or time).
• Duration (with reference to a continuous 'action' of present or past).
• Difference and comparison between two persons or things.
  (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)