शुक्रवार 18 दिसंबर 1987 की अव्यक्त मुरली

हिंदी को ISO 15919 पर आधारित अनुकूलित लिप्यंतरण के साथ रोमन अक्षरों में भी दिखाया जाता है।

लिप्यंतरण कैसे पढ़ें

यह साइट ISO 15919 पर आधारित लिप्यंतरण का प्रयोग करती है। पढ़ना आसान बनाने के लिए c, ś और ṣ के बाद h तथा स्वर r̥ के बाद i जोड़ा जाता है। इन बदलावों से यह भारत में प्रयुक्त हंटरियन प्रणाली के करीब आता है, जबकि ISO 15919 के विशिष्ट चिह्न बने रहते हैं।

इस साइट पर किए गए बदलाव
ISO 15919इस साइट पर
cch
śśh
ṣṣh
r̥r̥i

पढ़ने के कुछ संकेत:

  • ā, ī, ū: अक्षर के ऊपर की रेखा दीर्घ स्वर दर्शाती है।
  • ṭ, ḍ, ṇ: नीचे का बिंदु मूर्धन्य व्यंजनों को t, d, n से अलग करता है।
  • स्वर के ऊपर टिल्ड चिह्न अनुनासिक उच्चारण दर्शाता है।
दिखाई जाने वाली श्रेणियाँ
इस क्रम के बारे में

Words are sorted according to their importance. A word will be considered important if it is used several times in the murli and if this word does not appear as often in other murlis. This importance is calculated by what is called tf-idf (term frequency * inverse document frequency). This score appears in parentheses. The first words are good candidates as keywords.

Beyond karma. God is beyond karma in the sense that his actions are not real actions. He does not act directly in the material world and therefore suffers no consequences from his actions.
Whose karma is over. All old karmic scores are settled. There is therefore no longer any possible punishment. This is our final level.

The fulfilling of destiny; experiencing the consequences of actions.
(Bābā) karmic fruit, results of our actions; karmic suffering, punishment we endure for our sinful karmas. (today in the iron age, we experience suffering as a result of our past actions, our sins).

Incorporeal, bodiless; beyond physical bonds.
(Hinduism) Who is not aware of his body in the experience of identity with the Absolute (brahm).
(Bābā) Who is not aware of his body in the experience of identity with the soul.

Malady, disease, ailment.

Angry, enraged, displeased.

An impaling stake.
Gallows, gibbet.
Acute suffering, torture, agony.
Risk of life.
Hard labour.

Bond of karma, hindrance of karma; attachment to the world (what happens when we think of ourselves as the body).

Pain, ache, affliction.

Past.
Beyond.

Secret.

Thorn, spicule, fork, hook, fishing hook, prong.
Balance, the tongue of a balance.
Hands of a watch.
The process of testing the correctness of a multiplication sum.
Bone of fish.
A thorn in the side; inconvenience, impediment (as to progress); cause of care or suffering.

Bothered, worried, troubled, harassed.

Past, bygone.
Ghost, evil spirit.
Matter.
One of the five elements (earth, water, air, fire, and ether).
Any animate or inanimate object of creation.
(suffix) become, turned or rendered.
(Bābā) Evil spirit. Baba generally counts five: that of ego, desire (lust), covetousness (greed), anger and illusion (attachment). These evil spirits are capable of possessing us, distancing us from our nature and deep truth. It is a personification of a vice.

Vocation, occupation, business, work.

Karma Yoga. The yoga while performing actions. People think that Karma Yoga means just performing selfless, charitable actions and leading a pious way of life.
(Bābā) Baba has explained that Karma Yoga is the yoga (remembrance of God) while performing karmas (actions). It is the yoga that transforms our actions.

A bond, tie ;the act or process of binding/tying; tie (as of affection, duty) ; bondage; restriction; a fetter.
phil. Attachment to the world; opp. liberation [mokṣa].

(Hinduism) One of the five 'organs of action' : the hand, foot, larynx, and organs of generation and excretion.
(Bābā) One of the 10 faculties or organs of interaction: 5 for the sensory faculties and 5 for the action faculties. The use of these 10 faculties creates karma. Hence the name karmēndriy “faculty or organ of karma”.

The sacred swan symbol of the holy and pure soul.

Loss, damage, harm, disadvantage.

A curtain, screen, veil.
Privacy.
(ear) drum.
Surface (like that of the Earth)

Settled, paid up, paid in full.

The field of karma, the field of actions: the world here below where we can perform actions and experience their good or bad fruits (happiness or unhappiness).
(Mahābhārat) The battlefield where the Kauravs and the Pāṇḍavs fought.
(Bābā) The battlefield of the mind where the soul triumphs over vices.

Perishable, destructible.

To hide, to lurk.
To set.
To be covered.

Accounts.

Dependent.
Subordinate, subject to the authority of.
Under.

Pleased, well-pleased, content, contented, satisfied, agreed, willing, acquiescent.
Regarding with good will or favour, liking, approving.
(colloq.) Well, in good health.

Power, control, subjugation.
(suffix) Because of, out of ; obliged by, compelled by.

To cause to stray or wander, to lead astray, to mislead, to bewilder, to baulk, to deceive.

Obedient.

Hind, rear, hinder.
Back, back portion/part.
Latter, past, last.

Enduring, forbearing, tolerant.

Studious, practising, repeating, exercising, carrying on practice, carrying on training.
Well-up, trained.

Perhaps, probably, possibly.

Body.

Injection.

Gravel, pebble, small piece of stone.

To tie, to fasten, to bind, to pack, to wrap around.

Advantage, gain, profit, benefit, utility, use, good result.

Incorporeal, bodiless, unembodied.

A bit, a little.

To be confused, confounded, flurried, or flustered.
To be perplexed, bewildered, or embarrassed.
To be perturbed, disturbed in mind, agitated, disquieted, distracted.
To be alarmed, scared, dismayed.
To confound, embarrass, perplex, &c.
To disturb, agitate.
To alarm, scare, dismay.

Collision, clash, impact, confrontation.

To be tied; to be fastened; to be bound; to be restricted.

Illness, sickness, disease, ailment.

Disease, illness, ailment, sickness, malady, affliction.

Sadness, dejection, melancholy.

To hide, to conceal.
To cover/screen.
To disguise.

Master, employer, owner, lord (as landlord), proprietor.
Husband.

Rope, cord, string.
Reins.
Control.
A tie, bond.

To lose one's way, to go astray.
To gad, to meander, to wander about.

Introverted.

Who makes happiness.

Impure.
Corrupt (as language or style).
Erroneous, inaccurate, incorrect, wrong.

Entry, admission, access, inlet.
Gate, entrance.

Like.
Example.

A swan, goose.
Noble or liberated soul.
phil. Mythical bird; tradition says that he has the gift of separating milk from water (that is, of discerning truth from error), and he embodies the power to discern the essential substance of things.
myth. n.p. of Haṃsa, the goose-mount of Brahmā.
phil. the rhythmic breathing mantra ‘haṃsa’.

To feel.

To be cut, to be wounded (by a blade etc.), to die in battle, to be destroyed.
To pass away time.
To complete (a journey, etc.)
To be ashamed.
To be disconnected, to be deprived of, to be made to part with.

Out, outside, exterior, beyond, away.
A foreign land.

Dependent, subservient, under another's control.

State, condition.
(plural) Conditions, circumstances.

To cut, to chip, to chop, to bite.
To trim, to prune, to shear, to fleece, to reap, to mow.
To interrupt.
To fell.
To while away.
To divide a number leaving no remainder.

Occupation.

Separate(d), staying away (from a joint family), unique, novel, distinct.

Follow.

A relative, relation.
(suffix) Related with, pertaining to.

Requiring, or able to be, hidden.
Secret, mysterious; esoteric.

Magnificence, splendour, grandeur.

To accomplish, bring about, realise.
To complete, perfect.
To demonstrate, to prove.

To cry, to shout, to squeak.

Welfare.

Non-attainment, non-acquisition.

Condition, state, age, stage, phase.

Prayer.
Blessing.

To be entrapped, to be ensnared, to be baited, to be caught in a trick.
To be emboroiled, to be implicated, to be involved.

Free, liberated, delivered.
In particular freed from the bonds of attachment to the world.

A man, a human being.

Bad.
Wicked, evil.
Ill.
Mis-
Faulty, defective.

Even if, even though.

Body.

Nearness, proximity, contiguousness, contiguity, vicinity.

Wish, desire, inclination.
Lust.
(Bābā) Wish, desire.

Example.

Important, necessary, needful, compulsory, indispensable.

Ascertained; not subject to doubt.
Determined, fixed, settled; definite, decided.

Different, separate, apart, distinct.

Determined mind, assured mind, decided mind, certain mind, resolute mind.

Subtle.

Connection, relationship.

Yōgī in action. One who remembers God while acting.

Device.
Means.
Tactics, artifice, manoeuvre.
Skill.
Argument, plea.

(Hinduism) Brahmā or the Supreme Being regarded as a person, the first deity of the Hindū triad and the Creator of the World.
(Bābā) The first human being in which the Supreme Being descends to give the knowledge allowing us to free ourselves from our bonds of karma.

Checking.

To smile, grin, smirk, simper.
(Bābā) To smile.

On, upon, above, upward, over.

Complete satisfaction, contentment, gratification.

Empty, vacant, unoccupied, blank, unemployed.
Unaccented beat (in music).
Ineffective, fallow.
Only, mere.

A watch, time-piece.
Moment.
An hour.

To laugh, to deride, to ridicule, to joke.

From time to time.
Every now and then.
At intervals.
Occasionally.
Intermittently.

Governor, ruler, minister, functionary, official, officer, (and generally) one invested with power or authority.
Proprietor, owner, master, heir.
Agent, deputy; one who possesses a right, title, or privilege.

Near (in place or time), beside, proximate, close by, at hand.

Action (with its fruit, and implications of merit); an act, deed.
(moral) duty or obligation.
A religious observance, action or rite (as sacrifice, ablution, funeral obsequies).
Fate (as the consequence of previous acts); fortune, lot.
Result, effect.

To follow the Father (there is no article in hindi).

Wish, desire, will.

Qualified, able, deserving, capable, competent, worthy, eligible, suitable.

To play one's part. When the soul incarnates, it becomes an actor and plays the part eternally inscribed within it.

Fruit (from a tree).
(fig.) Fruit, reward, return, effect, outcome, result, consequence, product.

Quite full, brimful, chokeful, crammed, replete, overflowing.
Sufficient, quite enough.
High (as a tide).
Full (as the moon).

Paper.
(Bābā) Test in life (test given by Drama allowing us to check our level, to see if we have studied well and assimilated what God teaches us)

As long as.
(with negation) until.

Everything, all.

Happiness, pleasure, comfort, felicity, contentment.

Without, exclusive of, wanting, except (it may often be conveniently rendered by the Eng. neg. prefixes un-, in, or by the affix -less).

To change, to alter, to replace.
To convert, to be converted.
To go back (on one's word).

Attracted, charmed, allured.

Ledger or day-book, account-book, waste-book.
Daily account, account-current.

Science.

Other, another, different; separate.

Word, term, sound.

(Interrogative pronominal adverb) How far, how long, to what degree.

Drama.
(Bābā) Film (which repeats itself identically unlike a play).
(Bābā) The Great Drama of life lasting 5000 years which revolves eternally. Human beings are the actors: souls occupying a costume or body. The sun, moon and stars are the lighting of the stage. The part of each person is inscribed in the soul and cannot be modified, which makes the Drama predestined.

Short term.

Position, situation, state, condition, stage, phase.

Wave, ripple, undulation.
A wavy pattern.
Surge, caprice, whim, impulse.

Thing, article, item, object; commodity; ornament.
A thing of value, a valuable, a precious thing.

Attraction, charm, allurement.

Boundary.
Limit, bounds, extent.
Bar, obstruction.

Secular, earthly, worldly, mundane.

In order, orderly.
According to his rank, his position.

Someone, anyone, any.

The aim, object, objective, target, goal.
Indicated, implied.

Confidence, faith, certainty.

To cause to be done, cause to be made; to actuate, effect, make; to perform (sacrifice, etc.), to assist.

Sorrow, unhappiness, suffering, grief, distress.

To pain, to ache, to smart, to throb.
To feel pity or compassion (for).
To feel compunction or remorse.

Hurry, haste.
Quickly, urgently, immediately.

In, inside, within.

Practical.

Middle, centre.

Situated, located, placed.
Circumstanced.

Unearthly, heavenly, celestial, phenomenal, transcendental, supernatural.
Uncommon, strange, rare, unusual, exceptional, unordinary, extraordinary.

According to, in conformity with.

Even so, even then, in spite of this/that, nevertheless, nonetheless, still. (often used with bhal 'even though')

Practice, exercise, habituation, frequent repetition of a thing in order to fix it on the memory.

Second.

(Causative of samajhnā) To persuade, explain.

The instinctive mind that creates thoughts according to its desires or aversions. Faculty of human beings shared with animals and small children.
Thought in the form of desire or aversion.

To obtain, to acquire, to receive, to undergo, to endure, to submit, to incur.

Connection, union.
Combination; conjuncture (as of heavenly bodies); agreement, similarity.
Yoga, a theory or practice of abstract meditation undertaken to bring the soul towards or into union with the supreme spirit; bodily exercises or disciplines, as conducive to the above.
(Bābā) Union in remembrance (especially with the Father).

Equal, equivalent, similar, alike, identical, tantamount.

Someone else, anyone else.

A gem, precious stone.
The most outstanding individual of a class.
The pupil of the eye.
(in comp.) Anything valuable or desirable, any precious thing, anything excellent or best of its kind (e.g. strī-ratn, 'a pearl of a woman').

Is necessary, is needful, is requisite, is proper, is right.
It behoves.
Should, ought, must (be).

(prefix) Great, illustrious.
Mighty, strong, big, large, ample, excessive, grievous.
Very, extremely, very much.

Small, little, short, young, petty, subordinate, junior, insignificant.

On, upon.
Above.

The age of meeting. The fifth age of the cycle allowing the transition from the Iron Age to the Golden Age. The age when human beings can know, meet, remember and learn from God to become deities and go to heaven.

Work, task, job, employment, performance, function.

Passion, lust.
Desire.

The mouth, beak, snout, muzzle.
Face, countenance.
Front, fore-part.
Opening, aperture, entrance, exit.
Commencement.

To say, to speak, to tell, to inform, to point out, to express, to thrash, to instruct.

Perfecting, finishing; refining; adorning.
An inborn power or faculty; instinct.
Influence, impress (of nurture).
A concept, idea.
(Hinduism) Any of various essential sanctifying or purificatory rites (as the first taking of solid food, investiture with the sacred thread, marriage and funeral rites).
(Bābā) Impression or imprint of the state of mind. There are the innate saṅskār, inherent to the soul and the acquired saṅskār. When the soul does an action, an acquired saṅskār is formed. This saṅskār then incites us to the same action (with the same state of mind) in similar circumstances for example. Character traits are saṅskār. These saṅskār are part of the soul and not the body as many believe. They therefore accumulate over several lives.

Whole, entire, complete, perfect.

Reason, cause.
Agency, instrument.
For the reason, because (of, -ke), on account (of), for the sake (of), &c.

Obtaining, acquisition; attainment (to a goal, a level); fulfilment (of a request).
Gain, advantage; income.
Receipt (of a letter, &c.); reception (of guests).

Spiritual.

To show oneself (or itself, &c.), to come in sight, to appear, to be visible or apparent, to be seen.

Difficult, hard, intricate.
Difficulty, hardship.

(emphatic form of vah) That very, that very one.

To reach, to arrive.

Dear, beloved, loved.
Pleasing, lovely.
A dear one, beloved.

Useless, fruitless, futile, ineffective, unprofitable.

Distant, remote.
Removed (as a difficulty).
(prefix) Distant; tele-.
Far, far off.
Distance, remoteness.

Similar, identical, equal to the Father.

Intoxication, drunkenness.

Fortune, fate, luck, destiny.

Or.

Towards.

With, together, along with.
Company, association.

Stage.
(Bābā) State, condition.

Several, sundry, divers, some, some few.

Visible, perceptible, clear, evident, vivid, real, actual, express, explicit.
Direct, immediate; personal (as acquaintance).
Visible reality, actuality.

Either, or (usually repeated).
चाहे ... चाहे, either ... or; whether ... or.

A memento, keepsake, token.
Mark, mark of identification, sign, trace.

Big, large, great, huge, important, commodious, expansive.
Noble, reputed.
Elder, elderly, senior.
Grown up.
Rich.
adv. Very, exceedingly.

(Hinduism) The first of the four castes in traditional Hindu social hierarchy whose main duty, as prescribed, was to study, to teach, to perform yagya and to subsist through alms.
(Brahma Kumaris) The mouth born child of Brahma.

To eat, to feed on, to consume, to swallow, to take.
to get, to receive.
To feel, to suffer, to endure.
Eating, food, meal, dinner.

Formal, having a form.
Concrete, real, visible.
Incarnate.
(Bābā) Corporeal, which has a physical, material form.

Time, occasion.

With, along with, in the company of, in company with, in connection with.
We will replace kē with a possessive pronoun mērē (mine), tērē (yours), etc. to say "with me", "with you".

Change, alteration, variation.
Exchange (of objects, goods); conversion (of funds, currency).
Transformation.

Second.
Other, another.
Next.

Where, wherever.

Heart, courage, spirit, will.

The act of accomplishing, or achieving, processing.
An accomplishment, achievement, solution, realization.
Means, medium; expedient.
Appliance(s), equipment, device, an implement.
Resource(s).
(bābā) Material things, comforts, facilities.

I. (personal pronoun)

To cause to hear, to relate, to read out, to recite, to pronounce.

Got, obtained; procured, acquired.

Speciality, peculiarity, singularity, quality, attribute, characteristic.

The intelligent mind that thinks, observes its thoughts, sets a goal, imbibes knowledge or beliefs and judges what is right or not, what conforms to its purpose or not. This mind grows until an adult age.

Sometime, ever.

More, -er (also used in comparatives and superlatives).
Additional; superfluous, redundant; too much, excessive.
Superfluously; excessively, &c.
Many, much, plenty.

The best, good, excellent, superior.

There.

Yād and pyār: remembrance and love, remembrance and affection.

Experience.

(interrogative adjective and adverb of manner) What-like, what sort of, what kind or manner of, in what manner, how, by what means.

Manner, way.

Or, either.

Today.

Why.

To speak, to utter, to pronounce.
To bid.

By, through, through the medium of, through the agency of, by means of, with.

To think, to reflect, to ponder over, to consider.

That is, that is to say, namely (viz.).

To wish, to want, to like, to love, to be fond of, to crave for, to desire, to require.

Not (subjunctive or imperative).
Na .. na, Neither .. nor.
Repetitive Compounds of indefinite Pronouns, and of Adverbs formed from them are made by placing the Negative particle between the two words. These Compounds have a pronounced indefinite force. (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi - Appendice III 5-j)

As much as this, this much; so much, so many.

Because, since.

To, upto, till, until, by.

Rūp, the one who smiles while making the flowers of virtues emerge from his lips. He is the embodiment of Yoga.
Form, shape, appearance, aspect, image, beauty, good looks, mould, type.

Special, specific, particular, distinctive, characteristic, typical.

Each, every.
Each one, everybody.

A matter, topic, subject, concern, fact, thing.

interrogative pronoun. Who

Easy, simple.
Spontaneous, straightforward, ingenuous.
Innate, natural, congenital.

To can, to be able to.

Service.
(Bābā) Selfless use of our mind, body and wealth for the benefit of the world.

All ; whole, entire, complete.

The soul, the spirit, the self.

Something; anything.
A little, some.
fig. sthg. particular.
Some; any.
A few.
Somewhat, a little, at all.

To (treat as one's) own.
To adopt.
To appropriate.

Many, much.
Very.

If, if so be, in case, in the event of.

Continue.

Determination, resolve, resolution, will.
Mind, thought, idea.
(Bābā) Thought, idea.
(Bābā) Right idea, pure thought (śuddha khyāl)

Child, kid, baby, infant.
Inexperienced, raw, of unripe age.

For, for the sake of.

Say.

(Relative pronoun) When.

Then, again, afterwards, thereafter, in future, a second time.

To take.

(interrogative) How much, how many.
(exclamative) So, so much, so many.

To turn.
To wander, to ramble, to walk about, to go round.

Father.

To understand.

Emphatic particle at the end of the sentence: no?, isn't it?
No.

Bāp and Dādā.
The Father Śhiv and the elder brother Brahmā,
The father Brahmā and the Grandfather Śhiv.

To see, to look, to view, to perceive, to observe.
To consider.
To experience.

Time.
Period.
Times, timings.
Occasion.
Leisure.
A convention.

To know, to become aware of, to perceive.

To make, to construct, to compose, to build, to prepare, to make ready, to form.
To pull somebody's leg, to patch up, to develop a good equation with.
To befool.

Always, perpetually, continually, ever.

To go, to depart, to lose, to flow.

On this account, for this reason, hence, therefore.

Good.
Well.
All right, well done.
So long.

But, but still, on the other hand, however, notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet.

A suffix denoting an agent, doer, owner, possessor, keeper or inhabitant : the one of, the one with, the one who.

Some, any, someone, anyone.

Opposite, inimical, other, alien, higher.

You (to a superior, a stranger, his father).
(reflective pronoun) Self, himself, oneself, yourself, themselves...

पर denotes :

  • Location or position on or upon or at something.
  • Point of time at which an action takes place.
  • Sequence of actions of happenings.
  • Cause or reason.
  • Objects of (compound) Verbs signifying mercy, faith, confidence, anger etc.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

To come.

Similar to, like, resembling, as, such as.

To become, be, change, belong (with a possessive pronoun or a noun in the genitive case).

One, 1, a, single, alone.
The number one.
The One, the Number One. God. There is only one God (Supreme Being) but many gods and goddesses (golden age deities).

Now.

Interrogative pronoun What? for an open question.
Interrogative adjective What?, Which? (if followed by a name).
Interrogative pronoun for a closed question (yes/no type).

To remain, to stay.

(Hinduism) Sacred syllable symbolising God Almighty.
Sacred syllable symbolising the almighty soul in general. (Hindus confuse the soul and the Supreme Soul)
I am.
Me the soul.

Such, of this type.

Reflexive possessive pronoun and adjective : my, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, etc.

Peace, calmness, quiet, tranquillity, quietude, silence.

All, entire, whole, total.
Every.
All people, everybody, the whole.

Not manifest, not apparent, imperceptible, indistinct.

That (to report indirect speech, example he says that).

3rd person personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun or determiner in a close context : he, she, this (also they, these).

No.
Not.

Relative pronoun (without distinction of gender or number): who, that, which, what. Can be coupled with vah creating an identity relationship between the two terms of two propositions in the sentence.

And.
Else.
Other.

The letter K of our alphabet (used as an initial in acronyms).

Third person personal pronoun: he, she, it (and also they).
Distant demonstrative pronoun and adjective: that (and also those).

Key.

Then, therefore, moreover.
An emphatic particle (e.g. मैं तो जाऊँगा).
At any rate, however, at least.

Emphatic particle with a sense of exclusion : only.

का denotes one of the under-mentioned relations between a Noun or a Pronoun and another Noun which follows the former. If the Noun that follows is Feminine (singular or plural), का changes to की; if it is Masculine and Plural, or has an oblique form, का changes to के.

  • Possession and relationship.
  • Material or composition.
  • Worth and measure (space or time).
  • Source, origin, cause.
  • Subject (doer of an act).
  • Object (of an activity).
  • Part of a whole.
  • Purpose.
  • Characteristic.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

To be.
To happen, to occur.
To exist.
To be born.

To do.
Also used after a transitive English verb to conjugate.

Inclusive emphatic particle: too, also, even.

को is used for denoting:

  • A Person who 'does' something involuntarily (such as—like, dislike, remember, be injured, be offended, suffer, feel, enjoy, receive, happen, to have, to meet, to know, to see or to hear, or to do something under compulsion, requirement, necessity, obligation, etc.).
  • An Animate Object, provided it denotes a particular being.
  • The object of a Verb in the Neutral Construction.
  • Every Secondary Object (which is usually animate).
  • The Object of a Verb requiring a predicative word (referring to the object).
  • Nouns denoting time when used adverbially.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

में is used for denoting :

  • Location or presence (of something) in or within something.
  • Duration.
  • Price.
  • Comparison with reference to more than two, or difference.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

से is used for denoting :

  • The Subject of a Verb in the passive and impersonal voices.
  • The indirect Objects (which are usually persons) of the Verbs meaning 'to tell, say, ask, ask for, beg, demand, claim, request’.
  • Means, instrument or agency.
  • Manner.
  • Cause, reason, origin.
  • Association, antagonism.
  • Separation or keeping away from.
  • Starting point (place or time).
  • Duration (with reference to a continuous 'action' of present or past).
  • Difference and comparison between two persons or things.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)