गुरुवार 30 जुलाई 1970 की अव्यक्त मुरली

हिंदी को ISO 15919 पर आधारित अनुकूलित लिप्यंतरण के साथ रोमन अक्षरों में भी दिखाया जाता है।

लिप्यंतरण कैसे पढ़ें

यह साइट ISO 15919 पर आधारित लिप्यंतरण का प्रयोग करती है। पढ़ना आसान बनाने के लिए c, ś और ṣ के बाद h तथा स्वर r̥ के बाद i जोड़ा जाता है। इन बदलावों से यह भारत में प्रयुक्त हंटरियन प्रणाली के करीब आता है, जबकि ISO 15919 के विशिष्ट चिह्न बने रहते हैं।

इस साइट पर किए गए बदलाव
ISO 15919इस साइट पर
cch
śśh
ṣṣh
r̥r̥i

पढ़ने के कुछ संकेत:

  • ā, ī, ū: अक्षर के ऊपर की रेखा दीर्घ स्वर दर्शाती है।
  • ṭ, ḍ, ṇ: नीचे का बिंदु मूर्धन्य व्यंजनों को t, d, n से अलग करता है।
  • स्वर के ऊपर टिल्ड चिह्न अनुनासिक उच्चारण दर्शाता है।
दिखाई जाने वाली श्रेणियाँ
इस क्रम के बारे में

Words are sorted according to their importance. A word will be considered important if it is used several times in the murli and if this word does not appear as often in other murlis. This importance is calculated by what is called tf-idf (term frequency * inverse document frequency). This score appears in parentheses. The first words are good candidates as keywords.

'Nourisher of kine'; Name of a celebrated hill in Vrindāvan, about fifteen miles to the west of Mathurā. It is the Parnassus of the Hindūs; and is said to have been lifted up and supported by Krishṇa upon one finger for seven days, to shelter the cowherds from a storm of rain sent by Indra to test Krishṇa's divinity.

Controlling power.

Separateness.
Difference, distinction.
Dissimilarity.

To thread, to string, to needle.
(Bābā) To string, to be threaded.

Jupiter's day, the day of the Preceptor of the gods: Thursday.

Improvement.

Abode of liberation in life (on Earth in the Age of Union with God or in the Golden and Silver Ages).

Of one way of thinking, of one mind, of one opinion, consentient, agreeing, unanimous.
(Bābā) (Only) one doctrine, opinion, direction.
(Bābā) The doctrine, opinions, directions of the One (God).

Celebratory function, festival (secular or religious), ceremony.

Eclipse.
Taking, catching, seizing.

Image of success.

Thread.

Eclipse, possession, negative magical influence, negative astral influence.
Rāhu the demon dragon responsible for eclipses.

Image or idol of support.
(Hinduism) Hindus worship an image or idol, which gives them support in their life.
(Bābā) We ourselves can be those living images or idols on which the souls who cross our path receive support in their life.

Situation, conjunction or influence of Jupiter: the best influence or condition.

The end, conclusion, termination.
Completion.

To shine, glare, glitter, glisten, sparkle, flash.

Beginnings.

In which manner, as, like as, like, according to.
Thus, so.
As is right or proper; fitly, suitably.

Image or idol of elevation.
Image or idol of redemption, of deliverance.

Fire-place, grate, stove, oven, forge, furnace, kiln, alembic, still, washerman's boiler or copper, distillery.
(Bābā) Collective intensive meditation for a few hours (furnace).

Composition, artistic creation; structure.
(Bābā) Creation.

Acquisition, accomplishment, fulfilment.
Proof.
Success.
Supernatural powers supposed to be acquired through Yogic practices.

Army, the military.

Rubbish, refuse, filth, dirt, dung, muck, manure.
Anything rotten or decayed.
(Bābā) Alloy, impurity.

Real, actual.
Accurate.

Slogan.

One having a great chariot.
A great warrior.
Prestigious person.
(Bābā) One who studies well and teaches others.

Opinion, view. Doctrine (which contains the author's opinions).

Past events or experiences; the past.

Weakness, feebleness ; deficiency ; debility.

Oneness, sameness, identity.
Unity, union, agreement, harmony.
Conjunction.

Abode of liberation, of final deliverance, of salvation.: the incorporeal world of souls.

Accomplished, brought about; realised (an objective, a wish); completed; perfected.
Obtained, acquired.
Demonstrated, proved (a fact, a case); substantiated.
Sound, valid (as usage); mature (as judgment).
Decided, adjudicated (as a law-suit).
Accepted (as), famous (as).
Cooked (food); prepared, concocted (as a dye).
Thoroughly versed (in a field of knowledge; or in magic).
Endowed with supernatural powers; perfected or sanctified (as by penance).
Sacred, holy.
A semi-divine being of great perfection, said to possess eight supernatural faculties or siddhis.
An ascetic of great powers and saintliness.
A magician who has acquired superhuman powers.

To press, to press down.
To suppress, to cause to yield/submit, to coerce.
To cow down, to subdue.
To hush up.
To cool down.
To cover.
(Bābā) To massage.

To emerge.

Power.

Grain, corn, food.
Grain, seed, berry, chick-pea, gram.
Speck, bead, pimple, pustule.

Of kaliyug: iron-aged.

See.

To move away, to go away, to recede, to withdraw.

In exchange, in return, in lieu.

In a breath, in a moment; (all) at once; immediately.
Quite, completely.

Change.

Hind, rear, hinder.
Back, back portion/part.
Latter, past, last.

To break, to be broken, to be fractured, to be shattered.
To have twitching pain.
To be on the wane.
To be dissolved.
To fail.

Forgetfulness, oversight, neglect, negligence, omission, failure, miss, slip, mistake, error, blunder, fault.

Follow.

Atmosphere.

(Hinduism) One of the five valiant sons of King Pāṇḍu, and the heroes of the Mahābhārat (Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva).
(Bābā) Brother.
(Bābā) Spiritual guide showing all the souls the true path.
(Bābā) The Pandavas, those who have love for God in their intellect; Brahmins of the Confluence age.

Giving, bestowing, imparting, liberal, generous.
Giver, donor, benefactor.
The Giver of all things, God.

To pass, elapse, expire (as time).
To come to pass, take place, occur, happen, befall, arrive.
To undergo, suffer, endure.

Settled, paid up, paid in full.

Colleague, co-worker.
Co-operating.
Co-operative.

To merge.

Idol, statue, image.

Paper.
(Bābā) Test in life (test given by Drama allowing us to check our level, to see if we have studied well and assimilated what God teaches us)

Pride.
Sparkle of happiness.
Intoxication.

Old, ancient.
Worn out, old-fashioned, antiquated, obsolete, out of date.
Experienced, sage, knowing.

Inspiration, urge, drive, motive, induction.

Day.

Creator, composer, author.

Bothered, worried, troubled, harassed.

Nearness, proximity, contiguousness, contiguity, vicinity.

Sun.

Among themselves, with each other or one another, together, mutually, in common, in concert.

Attachment, love, affection.

To be effaced, to be erased.
To be ruined, to be undone, to be destructed.

Daily religious rite, divine service; the rite of pūjā gradually supplanted the solemn rites of Vedic sacrifice (yagya).
Worship, adoration, veneration.

Perfecting, finishing; refining; adorning.
An inborn power or faculty; instinct.
Influence, impress (of nurture).
A concept, idea.
(Hinduism) Any of various essential sanctifying or purificatory rites (as the first taking of solid food, investiture with the sacred thread, marriage and funeral rites).
(Bābā) Impression or imprint of the state of mind. There are the innate saṅskār, inherent to the soul and the acquired saṅskār. When the soul does an action, an acquired saṅskār is formed. This saṅskār then incites us to the same action (with the same state of mind) in similar circumstances for example. Character traits are saṅskār. These saṅskār are part of the soul and not the body as many believe. They therefore accumulate over several lives.

Question, query, interrogation, interpellation, problem.

Useless, fruitless, futile, ineffective, unprofitable.

The path of Bhakti, the path of devotion (one of the three paths prescribed for the achievement of human salvation; the other two being gyān and yōg).
(Bābā) All paths aspiring to liberation other than that the path God teaches. (which therefore fail in the liberation of the soul).

Gold, an excellent thing.

Final.

Deprived.
Cheated, deceived, tricked.

Minute.

To stop, to halt, to stay, to stagnate, to stand.

A garland (of flowers), wreath.
Rosary, string of beads.
Series, chain, row, line.

Busy.

Throught the deed.

The inheritance. What our father leaves behind after he leaves.

Entirely, completely, totally, wholly, universally, altogether.

Attention, heed.
Meditation, contemplation.
Concentration of mind.
(Bābā) Attention, concentration.
(Bābā) Trance, trance vision.

Through speech.

Anything given as a memorial.
A valuable present (to a mistress or friend).
A token, a souvenir, a keepsake.
A monument, memorial.
Anything memorable, or worthy of remembrance.

Speech, voice.
Saraswati : the goddess of speech.

Third.

Group.

(The act or process of) organization (or an organised body or system or society); union, unity; consolidation.
(Bābā) Group, coming together, gathering.

For, with a view to, for the sake of, on account of.
Taking, carrying, bearing.

By oneself, on one's own.

Of one flavour, or character.
Monotonous.
Pleased with one thing only, unchanging, constant.
(Bābā) Stable in praise and defamation (enjoying company of one).

Arithmetic, account, calculation, rate.
Manner, custom.
(Bābā) Account.

Interview.
Perception or apprehension of a god in a vision.
(Bābā) Divine vision. God grants these visions to devotees of all religions in the copper and iron ages and also to the Brahma kumaris who have this role (trance messenger) or at the beginning and end of this age (of meeting with God).

To obtain, to acquire, to receive, to undergo, to endure, to submit, to incur.

To forget.

Genitive case of vah : of him, of her, of that, his, her.

And.
So.

Or.
That is.

A lover.
Loving, affectionate.

To be contained, to enter, to fit, to permeate.

To change, to alter, to replace.
To convert, to be converted.
To go back (on one's word).

To collect, to accumulate, to amass, to gather together, to assemble, to heap, to store up, to lay by.
To add together, to add up, to sum up.
To deposit, to credit, to carry to credit or account.

Free, liberated, delivered.
In particular freed from the bonds of attachment to the world.

Self (myself, himself, itself, &c.).
Own, private, personal.

Part.

Practical.

To raise, to lift up.
To wake up.
To rent out.
To bear.
To remove.

Half.

Is necessary, is needful, is requisite, is proper, is right.
It behoves.
Should, ought, must (be).

(emphatic form of vah) That very, that very one.

Speciality, peculiarity, singularity, quality, attribute, characteristic.

Mental, born of the mind.
Mentally, through the mind.

Powerful.

Devotion, perseverence, inclination, attachment.
An auspicious moment (for performing a ceremony).

Name.

Otherwise, or else, if not, lest, but for.
No, certainly not.

True, genuine, real.
Truthful, sincere, loyal, faithful.

Hurry, haste.
Quickly, urgently, immediately.

To bear.
To possess.
To wear.
To assume.
To seize, retain.
To draw, to absorb, &c.

Interruption, interference, meddling, obstacle, disturbance.

To fill, to refill.

Word, term, sound.

Middle, centre.

Unearthly, heavenly, celestial, phenomenal, transcendental, supernatural.
Uncommon, strange, rare, unusual, exceptional, unordinary, extraordinary.

Action (with its fruit, and implications of merit); an act, deed.
(moral) duty or obligation.
A religious observance, action or rite (as sacrifice, ablution, funeral obsequies).
Fate (as the consequence of previous acts); fortune, lot.
Result, effect.

Certainly, undoubtedly, positively, without fail.

Stage.
(Bābā) State, condition.

Principal, chief, main, salient, staple, leading, capital, cardinal, pre-eminent, predominant.

'to keep the remembrance'. To bear in mind, to keep in memory, to remember.

To raise.
To get up.
To be rented out.
To pass away, to expire.

Picture, painting, illustration, figure, photo.

Base, basis, foundation.
(sindhi) A support, prop, dependence.
(Bābā) Support.

Difference.
Distance, interval, spacing, margin.
Interior, heart.

To put in, to pour, to drop, to thrust.

Connection, union.
Combination; conjuncture (as of heavenly bodies); agreement, similarity.
Yoga, a theory or practice of abstract meditation undertaken to bring the soul towards or into union with the supreme spirit; bodily exercises or disciplines, as conducive to the above.
(Bābā) Union in remembrance (especially with the Father).

Separate(d), staying away (from a joint family), unique, novel, distinct.

Nowadays, these days.

(prefix) Great, illustrious.
Mighty, strong, big, large, ample, excessive, grievous.
Very, extremely, very much.

Necessity, need, requirement.

A day (comprised of twenty-four hours from sunrise to sunrise).
A day (extending from sunrise to sunset), daytime.
Time(s).

On, upon.
Above.

World.
The present world, the present life or state of existence.
The people of this world, people.
Worldly enjoyments or blessings, worldly goods, the good things of this life, wealth, riches.

The mouth, beak, snout, muzzle.
Face, countenance.
Front, fore-part.
Opening, aperture, entrance, exit.
Commencement.

The hand, the wrist, the pulse.
Hand, member (of a work team).
A hand (at cards).
Hand, contribution (in some activity).
Handle, arm (of a chair).

Family, household.

To fall, to fall down, to drop.
To lie (down).
To occur, to befall.
To be involved; to be hit.
(Following the uninflected infinitive of another verb, paṛnā, like honā, signifies 'have to,' 'must'; e.g. usko jāne paṛā, 'he had to go'; — annexed to the base of some neuter verbs it forms intensives, as gir-paṛnā, 'to fall down'; — annexed to the base of a transitive verb it has generally the sense of honā, as dekh paṛnā, 'to be seen,' 'to become visible').

Present, existing; current.
The present.

The act of accomplishing, or achieving, processing.
An accomplishment, achievement, solution, realization.
Means, medium; expedient.
Appliance(s), equipment, device, an implement.
Resource(s).
(bābā) Material things, comforts, facilities.

Meaning.
Import, sense.
Wealth, money.
For, for the sake of.

Earth.

Interrogative adverb: When? At what time ?

To think, to reflect, to ponder over, to consider.

Complete, all, whole, entire, full, gross, total, thorough, adequate.
Sufficiency, adequacy.

To sit, to squat, to occupy a seat, to settle, to board, to mount.

Anyone, someone, any.

Got, obtained; procured, acquired.

(The) others.

To come out, to get out, to emerge, to rise, to ooze out, to proceed, to emanate, to appear, to be extracted, to be deduced, to be solved, to issue or be issued, to be published, to slink away.

In front of, ahead of, before.

To sleep.

(Hinduism) Great cosmological cycle of creation, where the material Universe is created, degrades and is annihilated during the kalpānta.
(Hinduism) Cosmological period of one day (half-day) of Brahmā, duration of a creation of the Universe, worth 1000 great eras [mahāyuga] (approximately 4.32 billion years); each kalpa consists of 14 eras of Manu [manvantara].
(Bābā) Great cosmological cycle of creation, where the material Universe is created in its state of maximum purity, degrades and is then destroyed and recreated (transformation and not annihilation).
(Bābā) cosmological period of one day (paradise for 2500 years) and one night (hell for 2500 years) of Brahmā, duration of a creation of the Universe, worth 5000 years.

Then, at that time, afterwards, thereupon, therefore, hence.

(Causative of samajhnā) To persuade, explain.

Cooperation, collaboration.

Manner, way.

A man.
People, public.
Placed after the pronoun ham (we), tum (you or you) or āp (you) grammatically plural to remove ambiguity on the number of people (at least 2 people)

A memento, keepsake, token.
Mark, mark of identification, sign, trace.

Near (in place or time), beside, proximate, close by, at hand.

To be born.

Success, achievement.

Formal, having a form.
Concrete, real, visible.
Incarnate.
(Bābā) Corporeal, which has a physical, material form.

Time, occasion.

Reason, cause.
Agency, instrument.
For the reason, because (of, -ke), on account (of), for the sake (of), &c.

First, first of all, in the beginning, in olden times, originally, before, beforehand.

Change, alteration, variation.
Exchange (of objects, goods); conversion (of funds, currency).
Transformation.

Birth, origin, genesis.
Life, existence.

The world, universe.

Determination, resolve, resolution, will.
Mind, thought, idea.
(Bābā) Thought, idea.
(Bābā) Right idea, pure thought (śuddha khyāl)

Interrogative adjective and pronoun : which.

Second.
Other, another.
Next.

All ; whole, entire, complete.

To show oneself (or itself, &c.), to come in sight, to appear, to be visible or apparent, to be seen.

To (treat as one's) own.
To adopt.
To appropriate.

To increase, to multiply, to grow, to progress, to advance.

Connection, relationship.

To cause to hear, to relate, to read out, to recite, to pronounce.

Special, specific, particular, distinctive, characteristic, typical.

Shape, form.
Appearance.
Character, nature.
(Hinduism) Form assumed by a deity, or by the ultimate being; image, idol.
Of the same nature or character; similar.
(suffix) Having the nature or character (of), by way of, as, amounting to.
(Bābā) Form assumed by the soul; image.

Each, every.
Each one, everybody.

interrogative pronoun. Who

(Hinduism) 'The forest of the demon Madhu,' near the Yamuna river (where Śhatru-ghna, after killing Lavaṇa, son of Madhu, founded the city of Madhurā or Mathurā, the city where Kr̥iṣhṇa was born, where God was incarnated).
(Bābā) Place where the seat of the Brahma Kumaris is located where the Supreme Being has descended on numerous occasions (in the body of Brahmā, then of Dadi Gulzar).

Today.

Not (subjunctive or imperative).
Na .. na, Neither .. nor.
Repetitive Compounds of indefinite Pronouns, and of Adverbs formed from them are made by placing the Negative particle between the two words. These Compounds have a pronounced indefinite force. (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi - Appendice III 5-j)

Why.

Or.

Power, strength, potency, energy.
Name of the goddess personifying divine power.
The energy or active power of a deity personified as his wife (as Gaurī of Śhiv, Lakṣhmī of viṣhṇu, &c.)
(Brahma kumaris) Sister, mother.
Śhiv Śhakti, the powers of Śhiv. In Bhakti they are portrayed as goddesses sitting on a lion, swan, lotus etc. They are symbolic of the victory over vices (demons). As power of Śhiv, brothers are Śhiv Śhakti too.

To can, to be able to.

Sometime, ever.

Memory, remembrance.
Books of traditional code of Hindu law.

A postposition denoting the subject (ergative case that is to say with a past participle).

Position, situation, state, condition, stage, phase.

All, the whole, whole, entire, complete, universal.

To, upto, till, until, by.

Emphatic form of yah: this very.

Two, 2.

If, if so be, in case, in the event of.

To engage, to employ.
To attach, to join, to connect.
To plant.
To apply.
To affix.
To make someone hang around.
To levy.
To touch.
To invest.
To paste, to stick.
To set, to fix.
To shut, to close.
To keep.
To backbite.
To inflame.
To add.

To wish, to want, to like, to love, to be fond of, to crave for, to desire, to require.

Because, since.

Ahead, in front of, before; in future.

Action, act, activity.
Work, task, duty, function, role.
Occupation.
Business, matter (in hand), agenda.

Remembrance, recollection, memory.

(interrogative adjective and adverb of manner) What-like, what sort of, what kind or manner of, in what manner, how, by what means.

(Relative pronoun) When.

For, for the sake of.

That is, that is to say, namely (viz.).

We.
(rustic form) I.

Something; anything.
A little, some.
fig. sthg. particular.
Some; any.
A few.
Somewhat, a little, at all.

Rūp, the one who smiles while making the flowers of virtues emerge from his lips. He is the embodiment of Yoga.
Form, shape, appearance, aspect, image, beauty, good looks, mould, type.

To take.

Or, either.

A matter, topic, subject, concern, fact, thing.

On this account, for this reason, hence, therefore.

To speak, to utter, to pronounce.
To bid.

By, through, through the medium of, through the agency of, by means of, with.

The soul, the spirit, the self.

To understand.

To meet, to encounter, to be mixed, to be mingled, to unite, to merge, to tally, to conform, to obtain, to get, to acquire, to be acquired, to beget, to embrace, to form an alliance.

Then, again, afterwards, thereafter, in future, a second time.

Child, kid, baby, infant.
Inexperienced, raw, of unripe age.

Some, any, someone, anyone.

To turn.
To wander, to ramble, to walk about, to go round.

To see, to look, to view, to perceive, to observe.
To consider.
To experience.

One, 1, a, single, alone.
The number one.
The One, the Number One. God. There is only one God (Supreme Being) but many gods and goddesses (golden age deities).

To put, to place, to keep, to possess, to have, to employ, to appoint.

Emphatic particle at the end of the sentence: no?, isn't it?
No.

To give.

Many, much.
Very.

Say.

To make, to construct, to compose, to build, to prepare, to make ready, to form.
To pull somebody's leg, to patch up, to develop a good equation with.
To befool.

Continue.

You (to a superior, a stranger, his father).
(reflective pronoun) Self, himself, oneself, yourself, themselves...

Time.
Period.
Times, timings.
Occasion.
Leisure.
A convention.

Father.

All, entire, whole, total.
Every.
All people, everybody, the whole.

Bāp and Dādā.
The Father Śhiv and the elder brother Brahmā,
The father Brahmā and the Grandfather Śhiv.

To go, to depart, to lose, to flow.

पर denotes :

  • Location or position on or upon or at something.
  • Point of time at which an action takes place.
  • Sequence of actions of happenings.
  • Cause or reason.
  • Objects of (compound) Verbs signifying mercy, faith, confidence, anger etc.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

But, but still, on the other hand, however, notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet.

Now.

Opposite, inimical, other, alien, higher.

Similar to, like, resembling, as, such as.

Interrogative pronoun What? for an open question.
Interrogative adjective What?, Which? (if followed by a name).
Interrogative pronoun for a closed question (yes/no type).

Good.
Well.
All right, well done.
So long.

To become, be, change, belong (with a possessive pronoun or a noun in the genitive case).

A suffix denoting an agent, doer, owner, possessor, keeper or inhabitant : the one of, the one with, the one who.

Always, perpetually, continually, ever.

Such, of this type.

Reflexive possessive pronoun and adjective : my, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, etc.

That (to report indirect speech, example he says that).

To come.

(Hinduism) Sacred syllable symbolising God Almighty.
Sacred syllable symbolising the almighty soul in general. (Hindus confuse the soul and the Supreme Soul)
I am.
Me the soul.

Peace, calmness, quiet, tranquillity, quietude, silence.

To remain, to stay.

Not manifest, not apparent, imperceptible, indistinct.

Relative pronoun (without distinction of gender or number): who, that, which, what. Can be coupled with vah creating an identity relationship between the two terms of two propositions in the sentence.

No.
Not.

3rd person personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun or determiner in a close context : he, she, this (also they, these).

Third person personal pronoun: he, she, it (and also they).
Distant demonstrative pronoun and adjective: that (and also those).

And.
Else.
Other.

Then, therefore, moreover.
An emphatic particle (e.g. मैं तो जाऊँगा).
At any rate, however, at least.

The letter K of our alphabet (used as an initial in acronyms).

Key.

Emphatic particle with a sense of exclusion : only.

To be.
To happen, to occur.
To exist.
To be born.

का denotes one of the under-mentioned relations between a Noun or a Pronoun and another Noun which follows the former. If the Noun that follows is Feminine (singular or plural), का changes to की; if it is Masculine and Plural, or has an oblique form, का changes to के.

  • Possession and relationship.
  • Material or composition.
  • Worth and measure (space or time).
  • Source, origin, cause.
  • Subject (doer of an act).
  • Object (of an activity).
  • Part of a whole.
  • Purpose.
  • Characteristic.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

To do.
Also used after a transitive English verb to conjugate.

को is used for denoting:

  • A Person who 'does' something involuntarily (such as—like, dislike, remember, be injured, be offended, suffer, feel, enjoy, receive, happen, to have, to meet, to know, to see or to hear, or to do something under compulsion, requirement, necessity, obligation, etc.).
  • An Animate Object, provided it denotes a particular being.
  • The object of a Verb in the Neutral Construction.
  • Every Secondary Object (which is usually animate).
  • The Object of a Verb requiring a predicative word (referring to the object).
  • Nouns denoting time when used adverbially.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

में is used for denoting :

  • Location or presence (of something) in or within something.
  • Duration.
  • Price.
  • Comparison with reference to more than two, or difference.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

Inclusive emphatic particle: too, also, even.

से is used for denoting :

  • The Subject of a Verb in the passive and impersonal voices.
  • The indirect Objects (which are usually persons) of the Verbs meaning 'to tell, say, ask, ask for, beg, demand, claim, request’.
  • Means, instrument or agency.
  • Manner.
  • Cause, reason, origin.
  • Association, antagonism.
  • Separation or keeping away from.
  • Starting point (place or time).
  • Duration (with reference to a continuous 'action' of present or past).
  • Difference and comparison between two persons or things.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)