मंगलवार 26 जनवरी 1971 की अव्यक्त मुरली

हिंदी को ISO 15919 पर आधारित अनुकूलित लिप्यंतरण के साथ रोमन अक्षरों में भी दिखाया जाता है।

लिप्यंतरण कैसे पढ़ें

यह साइट ISO 15919 पर आधारित लिप्यंतरण का प्रयोग करती है। पढ़ना आसान बनाने के लिए c, ś और ṣ के बाद h तथा स्वर r̥ के बाद i जोड़ा जाता है। इन बदलावों से यह भारत में प्रयुक्त हंटरियन प्रणाली के करीब आता है, जबकि ISO 15919 के विशिष्ट चिह्न बने रहते हैं।

इस साइट पर किए गए बदलाव
ISO 15919इस साइट पर
cch
śśh
ṣṣh
r̥r̥i

पढ़ने के कुछ संकेत:

  • ā, ī, ū: अक्षर के ऊपर की रेखा दीर्घ स्वर दर्शाती है।
  • ṭ, ḍ, ṇ: नीचे का बिंदु मूर्धन्य व्यंजनों को t, d, n से अलग करता है।
  • स्वर के ऊपर टिल्ड चिह्न अनुनासिक उच्चारण दर्शाता है।
दिखाई जाने वाली श्रेणियाँ
इस क्रम के बारे में

Words are sorted according to their importance. A word will be considered important if it is used several times in the murli and if this word does not appear as often in other murlis. This importance is calculated by what is called tf-idf (term frequency * inverse document frequency). This score appears in parentheses. The first words are good candidates as keywords.

Valuable.

Study.

Planning.

Successful.

To study, to read and write.

Serviceable.

Dirt, mud, slime, sewage, sludge.
Mattery discharge which collects in the corner of the eye.

A book.

A ray (of light), beam, sunbeam, moonbeam.

Light, brightness, splendour; illumination.
Brightness or clearness (of vision), sight (of the eye).
A lamp kept burning at a Moḥammadan tomb or shrine.

Uneasy, restless, disturbed.

Student life.

Traffic.

Image or idol of elevation.
Image or idol of redemption, of deliverance.

Intellectual power, wisdom, sagacity; deftness.
Strength of intellect; mental power.

Sun.

Responsibility, obligation.

Value.

Success.

Timetable.

Image of success.

Student.

Last, final, ultimate, concluding, conclusive.

Diary.
(Bābā) Diary in which one writes down one's times of remembrance of each day (chart) seen as an income that one accumulates.

Interview.
Perception or apprehension of a god in a vision.
(Bābā) Divine vision. God grants these visions to devotees of all religions in the copper and iron ages and also to the Brahma kumaris who have this role (trance messenger) or at the beginning and end of this age (of meeting with God).

Peaceful, pacific, still, silent, quiet, quiescent, tranquil, unperturbed.

Power.

Circumstance.

Sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun, the sun.

Deliverance, salvation, redemption, riddance, restoration, uplift.

As far as.

Character.

Duty.
To be done, to be accomplished.

Follow.

Image or idol of support.
(Hinduism) Hindus worship an image or idol, which gives them support in their life.
(Bābā) We ourselves can be those living images or idols on which the souls who cross our path receive support in their life.

Might.

Distinct, clear, apparent, evident, obvious, manifest, intelligible, easy, plain.

Minute.

Divine family, family of gods and goddesses. (golden age)

Lightness.
Cheapness.
Thinness.

Feeling.

Condition, state, life of an angel.

Idol, statue, image.

In the early morning, at dawn, early, soon.

Restless, agitated, unquiet, disturbed, perturbed.

To remind.

First.

Atmosphere.

Hospital.

(suffix) Having the form of, of the shape of, similar to.

More, much, many, plenty, surplus, abundant.
More, the most, -er, -est (used in comparatives or superlatives).

To remind.

List.

Condition, state, age, stage, phase.

Blessing, benediction.

Ended, completed, concluded.

Future; what has yet to be, what will be, the future.

To tie, to fasten, to bind, to pack, to wrap around.

Plan.

Programme.
(Bābā) Event.

Teacher.

To experience, to feel, to perceive.

Emotion, sentiment feeling.
Idea.
Rate, price(s), quotation.
Existence, existing state, being.
Sense, purport.
Gist.
Nature, temperament, disposition.

Step, pace, footstep.

Weariness, fatigue, tiredness; exhaustion.

According to, in conformity with.

Chart.
(Bābā) Questionnaire to assess purūṣhārth (spiritual effort).
(Bābā) The journal of remembrance where one counts the times of remembrance.

Beyond karma. God is beyond karma in the sense that his actions are not real actions. He does not act directly in the material world and therefore suffers no consequences from his actions.
Whose karma is over. All old karmic scores are settled. There is therefore no longer any possible punishment. This is our final level.

Restraint, restriction.
Fixed rule, law; principle; regulation.
Custom, normal practice.
Self-imposed restraint or religious observance (as fasting, prayer, pilgrimage); vow; penance; piety.
Moderation, temperateness.

Light.
(Bābā) Electricity.

From day to day, day by day, every day, daily; always, continually.

Important, necessary, needful, compulsory, indispensable.

Possessing a form.
(Bābā) Possessing a non-physical form but which can be perceived.
(Bābā) Having the angelic form.
(Bābā) Subtle, not physical.

Time.

To raise, to lift up.
To wake up.
To rent out.
To bear.
To remove.

Pilgrimage, march, journey, travel, wayfaring, trip, tour.

To lessen, diminish, decrease, to abate.
To fail, come short.
To fall, sink.

But, however.

Sight, view, vision, glance.
(Bābā) Vision, look.

Powerful.

Advantage, gain, profit, benefit, utility, use, good result.

Help, assistance, aid, support, relief, reinforcement, hands (as labourers, masons, etc.).

Entirely, completely, totally, wholly, universally, altogether.

To be confused, confounded, flurried, or flustered.
To be perplexed, bewildered, or embarrassed.
To be perturbed, disturbed in mind, agitated, disquieted, distracted.
To be alarmed, scared, dismayed.
To confound, embarrass, perplex, &c.
To disturb, agitate.
To alarm, scare, dismay.

Gentle, noble, good.
Well-being; good.

Merit, virtue, great quality, excellence.
Constitutive quality, property, attribute.
One of the 3 qualities: sattva (purity, truth), rajas (strength, desire), and tamas (ignorance, inertia).

Sharp, keen, acute, penetrating, piercing, hot, pungent, strong, acrid, caustic, corrosive.
Fiery, passionate, impetuous, violent.
Swift, fleet.
Quick, apt, intelligent, keen-witted.
High-priced, dear.

Drama.
(Bābā) Film (which repeats itself identically unlike a play).
(Bābā) The Great Drama of life lasting 5000 years which revolves eternally. Human beings are the actors: souls occupying a costume or body. The sun, moon and stars are the lighting of the stage. The part of each person is inscribed in the soul and cannot be modified, which makes the Drama predestined.

From time to time.
Every now and then.
At intervals.
Occasionally.
Intermittently.

One having a great chariot.
A great warrior.
Prestigious person.
(Bābā) One who studies well and teaches others.

To follow the Father (there is no article in hindi).

Practical.

The four, the whole four, all four.

Four.

Crown, diadem.

Vogue.
Usage, custom.
Conduct.

The atmosphere.

Behind, on the back side of.
After, afterwards.
Backwards.
In the absence of.

You (between equals).

Sign, signal, hint, indication, gesture.

Night.

Creation.
The world.

Showing (one self, itself, &c.), coming in sight, appearance; exhibition, show, display.

Perfecting, finishing; refining; adorning.
An inborn power or faculty; instinct.
Influence, impress (of nurture).
A concept, idea.
(Hinduism) Any of various essential sanctifying or purificatory rites (as the first taking of solid food, investiture with the sacred thread, marriage and funeral rites).
(Bābā) Impression or imprint of the state of mind. There are the innate saṅskār, inherent to the soul and the acquired saṅskār. When the soul does an action, an acquired saṅskār is formed. This saṅskār then incites us to the same action (with the same state of mind) in similar circumstances for example. Character traits are saṅskār. These saṅskār are part of the soul and not the body as many believe. They therefore accumulate over several lives.

Light, cheap, thin, faint.

Enough.
Ample, very much, too much.
And so; in short, in a word.
Only, merely.
Enough! stop! that's all! that'll do!

Near (in place or time), beside, proximate, close by, at hand.

Establishment.
(in particular) The establishment of the new world.

Successful, effective, fruitful.

Pertaining to deity, divine, godlike.
(Bābā) Of Īśvar, of God.

Service.

A man.
People, public.
Placed after the pronoun ham (we), tum (you or you) or āp (you) grammatically plural to remove ambiguity on the number of people (at least 2 people)

Formal, having a form.
Concrete, real, visible.
Incarnate.
(Bābā) Corporeal, which has a physical, material form.

To show oneself (or itself, &c.), to come in sight, to appear, to be visible or apparent, to be seen.

Less (also used in comparisons).
Little, few, scanty, short, small, deficient.
Rarely, seldom.

Busy.

(The) others.

To be liked.
To be agreeable, to be pleasing, to be appealing.

Master.

Distant, remote.
Removed (as a difficulty).
(prefix) Distant; tele-.
Far, far off.
Distance, remoteness.

Name.

An angel, a divine messenger.

For, with a view to, for the sake of, on account of.
Taking, carrying, bearing.

Hurry, haste.
Quickly, urgently, immediately.

To bear.
To possess.
To wear.
To assume.
To seize, retain.
To draw, to absorb, &c.

Middle, centre.

Even so, even then, in spite of this/that, nevertheless, nonetheless, still. (often used with bhal 'even though')

Beneficial, favorable, auspicious, salutary.
Well-being, prosperity, happiness.
(Hinduism) Confused with Śhaṅkar. Name of the third god of the Hindū triad, the Deity in the character of producer or destroyer (Śhiv's most distinctive function is to preside over the dissolution of the world at the end of each aeon in order that it may be created anew), or Time personified.
(Hinduism) The phallic or pillar emblem of Śhiv.
(Bābā) The name of the Supreme Being The Auspicious, the Good, the Well-being, etc. who does his work of Creation, Sustainment and Destruction of the World through the trimūrti Brahmā, Viṣhṇu and Śhaṅkar three subtle deities created by God in the subtle world.
(Bābā) The Seed of the Human World Tree.
(Bābā) The Point. He is the Supreme Soul and therefore has the shape of a point like any soul. As He is incorporeal, it was represented with the shape of a pillar or, more anciently, an egg. The degradation of devotion has led Hindus to see it as a phallic representation symbolizing the Creator role of God and others to transgress the rules of Hindu conduct (left path tantra) where sexuality is permitted and revered as a divine activity.

Stage.
(Bābā) State, condition.

Principal, chief, main, salient, staple, leading, capital, cardinal, pre-eminent, predominant.

Visible, perceptible, clear, evident, vivid, real, actual, express, explicit.
Direct, immediate; personal (as acquaintance).
Visible reality, actuality.

The time of nectar, the hour before dawn, the hour suitable for meditation or prayer.
(Sikhism) the hour before sunrise between 3:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m.
(Bābā) The time of amr̥t, the time of nectar, time of daily meditation after waking up, set from 4:00 a.m. to 4:45 a.m., when the atmosphere is very pure and Baba specially fills a soul with all powers, but perhaps at any time between 2:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m.

Behaviour, conduct, mode of life.
Natural tendency, instinct.
Business, employment, profession.
Means of subsistence, allowance, pension.
Commentary (on a text).
Usage (of a term or expression).
(Bābā) Attitude, thought pattern, tendencies, inclinations, instincts.

Method, manner, mode.
Custom, way, practice, vogue.
Tradition.
Style.

To be born.

To make stay, to make remain.

A gem, precious stone.
The most outstanding individual of a class.
The pupil of the eye.
(in comp.) Anything valuable or desirable, any precious thing, anything excellent or best of its kind (e.g. strī-ratn, 'a pearl of a woman').

Without, exclusive of, wanting, except (it may often be conveniently rendered by the Eng. neg. prefixes un-, in, or by the affix -less).

Cause, reason, factor, purpose, motive.
For the sake of, on account of.
(Bābā) Instrument. He who acts for the Cause of God, in His name.

Knowledge directly taught by God.

Bulky, fat.
Gross, coarse; undifferentiated; outward, apparent.
Crude, rough, gross.
Dense, stupid.
philos. Tangible, material (as opposed to sūkṣma, subtle).
(Bābā) Tangible, material.

On, upon, above, upward, over.

Shape, form.
Appearance.
Character, nature.
(Hinduism) Form assumed by a deity, or by the ultimate being; image, idol.
Of the same nature or character; similar.
(suffix) Having the nature or character (of), by way of, as, amounting to.
(Bābā) Form assumed by the soul; image.

'not so', Do not believe.

Part.

Birth, origin, genesis.
Life, existence.

To think of, to remember, recollect, call to mind.
To commit to memory.
(Bābā) To remember (by making an effort). It is a function of the higher mind (buddhi).

Near to.
Belonging to (genitive marker).
To have (used with the verb hōnā to be).

Present, existing; current.
The present.

The three, all three.

Thing, article, item, object; commodity; ornament.
A thing of value, a valuable, a precious thing.

Remembrance, recollection, memory.

Base, basis, foundation.
(sindhi) A support, prop, dependence.
(Bābā) Support.

Memory, remembrance.
Books of traditional code of Hindu law.

Difficult, hard, intricate.
Difficulty, hardship.

Position, situation, state, condition, stage, phase.

To pass.

Etcetera.
Beginning.
Early, initial, primordial.

Attention.

Old, ancient.
Worn out, old-fashioned, antiquated, obsolete, out of date.
Experienced, sage, knowing.

Body.

Speciality, peculiarity, singularity, quality, attribute, characteristic.

The intelligent mind that thinks, observes its thoughts, sets a goal, imbibes knowledge or beliefs and judges what is right or not, what conforms to its purpose or not. This mind grows until an adult age.

In front of, ahead of, before.

To change, to alter, to replace.
To convert, to be converted.
To go back (on one's word).

Action, act, activity.
Work, task, duty, function, role.
Occupation.
Business, matter (in hand), agenda.

The world, universe.

Cooperation, collaboration.

More, -er (also used in comparatives and superlatives).
Additional; superfluous, redundant; too much, excessive.
Superfluously; excessively, &c.
Many, much, plenty.

To fill, to refill.

Word, term, sound.

To leave.
To abandon.
To release.

Each, every.
Each one, everybody.

We.
(rustic form) I.

Two, 2.

Granting a favor or a wish, blessing.
(Hindu mythology) A blessing, typically a supernatural power, granted to an ascetic by a god or goddess.

Success, achievement.

To cause to be done, cause to be made; to actuate, effect, make; to perform (sacrifice, etc.), to assist.

I. (personal pronoun)

Change, alteration, variation.
Exchange (of objects, goods); conversion (of funds, currency).
Transformation.

Labour, hard work, toil.
Industry, application.
Exercise.

Otherwise, or else, if not, lest, but for.
No, certainly not.

Work, task, job, employment, performance, function.

Passion, lust.
Desire.

Where, wherever.

All, the whole, whole, entire, complete, universal.

To, upto, till, until, by.

The instinctive mind that creates thoughts according to its desires or aversions. Faculty of human beings shared with animals and small children.
Thought in the form of desire or aversion.

Reason, cause.
Agency, instrument.
For the reason, because (of, -ke), on account (of), for the sake (of), &c.

Father.

Equal, equivalent, similar, alike, identical, tantamount.

Love, affection.
Oil, oily substance.

Ahead, in front of, before; in future.

Got, obtained; procured, acquired.

As much as this, this much; so much, so many.

To come out, to get out, to emerge, to rise, to ooze out, to proceed, to emanate, to appear, to be extracted, to be deduced, to be solved, to issue or be issued, to be published, to slink away.

As much as, as many, how much, however much.

A day (comprised of twenty-four hours from sunrise to sunrise).
A day (extending from sunrise to sunset), daytime.
Time(s).

To (treat as one's) own.
To adopt.
To appropriate.

(Hinduism) 'The forest of the demon Madhu,' near the Yamuna river (where Śhatru-ghna, after killing Lavaṇa, son of Madhu, founded the city of Madhurā or Mathurā, the city where Kr̥iṣhṇa was born, where God was incarnated).
(Bābā) Place where the seat of the Brahma Kumaris is located where the Supreme Being has descended on numerous occasions (in the body of Brahmā, then of Dadi Gulzar).

Big, large, great, huge, important, commodious, expansive.
Noble, reputed.
Elder, elderly, senior.
Grown up.
Rich.
adv. Very, exceedingly.

Or.

'not one'. Many, several, various, much, abundant.

A little, some, meagre, scanty.
Short.

First, first of all, in the beginning, in olden times, originally, before, beforehand.

Second.
Other, another.
Next.

Then, again, afterwards, thereafter, in future, a second time.

To turn.
To wander, to ramble, to walk about, to go round.

Experience.

To fall, to fall down, to drop.
To lie (down).
To occur, to befall.
To be involved; to be hit.
(Following the uninflected infinitive of another verb, paṛnā, like honā, signifies 'have to,' 'must'; e.g. usko jāne paṛā, 'he had to go'; — annexed to the base of some neuter verbs it forms intensives, as gir-paṛnā, 'to fall down'; — annexed to the base of a transitive verb it has generally the sense of honā, as dekh paṛnā, 'to be seen,' 'to become visible').

All ; whole, entire, complete.

(interrogative) How much, how many.
(exclamative) So, so much, so many.

The best, good, excellent, superior.

Action (with its fruit, and implications of merit); an act, deed.
(moral) duty or obligation.
A religious observance, action or rite (as sacrifice, ablution, funeral obsequies).
Fate (as the consequence of previous acts); fortune, lot.
Result, effect.

Power, strength, potency, energy.
Name of the goddess personifying divine power.
The energy or active power of a deity personified as his wife (as Gaurī of Śhiv, Lakṣhmī of viṣhṇu, &c.)
(Brahma kumaris) Sister, mother.
Śhiv Śhakti, the powers of Śhiv. In Bhakti they are portrayed as goddesses sitting on a lion, swan, lotus etc. They are symbolic of the victory over vices (demons). As power of Śhiv, brothers are Śhiv Śhakti too.

To put, to place, to keep, to possess, to have, to employ, to appoint.

To meet, to encounter, to be mixed, to be mingled, to unite, to merge, to tally, to conform, to obtain, to get, to acquire, to be acquired, to beget, to embrace, to form an alliance.

Anyone, someone, any.

Something; anything.
A little, some.
fig. sthg. particular.
Some; any.
A few.
Somewhat, a little, at all.

Rūp, the one who smiles while making the flowers of virtues emerge from his lips. He is the embodiment of Yoga.
Form, shape, appearance, aspect, image, beauty, good looks, mould, type.

By, through, through the medium of, through the agency of, by means of, with.

(interrogative adjective and adverb of manner) What-like, what sort of, what kind or manner of, in what manner, how, by what means.

Easy, simple.
Spontaneous, straightforward, ingenuous.
Innate, natural, congenital.

Continue.

For, for the sake of.

To can, to be able to.

Determination, resolve, resolution, will.
Mind, thought, idea.
(Bābā) Thought, idea.
(Bābā) Right idea, pure thought (śuddha khyāl)

Special, specific, particular, distinctive, characteristic, typical.

(Relative pronoun) When.

Not (subjunctive or imperative).
Na .. na, Neither .. nor.
Repetitive Compounds of indefinite Pronouns, and of Adverbs formed from them are made by placing the Negative particle between the two words. These Compounds have a pronounced indefinite force. (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi - Appendice III 5-j)

To know, to become aware of, to perceive.

interrogative pronoun. Who

Or, either.

To understand.

Some, any, someone, anyone.

Time.
Period.
Times, timings.
Occasion.
Leisure.
A convention.

Many, much.
Very.

Child, kid, baby, infant.
Inexperienced, raw, of unripe age.

To take.

The soul, the spirit, the self.

To make, to construct, to compose, to build, to prepare, to make ready, to form.
To pull somebody's leg, to patch up, to develop a good equation with.
To befool.

You (to a superior, a stranger, his father).
(reflective pronoun) Self, himself, oneself, yourself, themselves...

To wish, to want, to like, to love, to be fond of, to crave for, to desire, to require.

Similar to, like, resembling, as, such as.

Bāp and Dādā.
The Father Śhiv and the elder brother Brahmā,
The father Brahmā and the Grandfather Śhiv.

To give.

On this account, for this reason, hence, therefore.

One, 1, a, single, alone.
The number one.
The One, the Number One. God. There is only one God (Supreme Being) but many gods and goddesses (golden age deities).

All, entire, whole, total.
Every.
All people, everybody, the whole.

Always, perpetually, continually, ever.

Say.

To see, to look, to view, to perceive, to observe.
To consider.
To experience.

But, but still, on the other hand, however, notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet.

Emphatic particle at the end of the sentence: no?, isn't it?
No.

To go, to depart, to lose, to flow.

पर denotes :

  • Location or position on or upon or at something.
  • Point of time at which an action takes place.
  • Sequence of actions of happenings.
  • Cause or reason.
  • Objects of (compound) Verbs signifying mercy, faith, confidence, anger etc.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

Now.

Opposite, inimical, other, alien, higher.

A suffix denoting an agent, doer, owner, possessor, keeper or inhabitant : the one of, the one with, the one who.

To come.

Not manifest, not apparent, imperceptible, indistinct.

That (to report indirect speech, example he says that).

Good.
Well.
All right, well done.
So long.

To become, be, change, belong (with a possessive pronoun or a noun in the genitive case).

To remain, to stay.

(Hinduism) Sacred syllable symbolising God Almighty.
Sacred syllable symbolising the almighty soul in general. (Hindus confuse the soul and the Supreme Soul)
I am.
Me the soul.

Reflexive possessive pronoun and adjective : my, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, etc.

Peace, calmness, quiet, tranquillity, quietude, silence.

Such, of this type.

Interrogative pronoun What? for an open question.
Interrogative adjective What?, Which? (if followed by a name).
Interrogative pronoun for a closed question (yes/no type).

Relative pronoun (without distinction of gender or number): who, that, which, what. Can be coupled with vah creating an identity relationship between the two terms of two propositions in the sentence.

3rd person personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun or determiner in a close context : he, she, this (also they, these).

No.
Not.

Third person personal pronoun: he, she, it (and also they).
Distant demonstrative pronoun and adjective: that (and also those).

And.
Else.
Other.

Then, therefore, moreover.
An emphatic particle (e.g. मैं तो जाऊँगा).
At any rate, however, at least.

The letter K of our alphabet (used as an initial in acronyms).

Key.

Emphatic particle with a sense of exclusion : only.

To be.
To happen, to occur.
To exist.
To be born.

का denotes one of the under-mentioned relations between a Noun or a Pronoun and another Noun which follows the former. If the Noun that follows is Feminine (singular or plural), का changes to की; if it is Masculine and Plural, or has an oblique form, का changes to के.

  • Possession and relationship.
  • Material or composition.
  • Worth and measure (space or time).
  • Source, origin, cause.
  • Subject (doer of an act).
  • Object (of an activity).
  • Part of a whole.
  • Purpose.
  • Characteristic.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

Inclusive emphatic particle: too, also, even.

To do.
Also used after a transitive English verb to conjugate.

में is used for denoting :

  • Location or presence (of something) in or within something.
  • Duration.
  • Price.
  • Comparison with reference to more than two, or difference.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

को is used for denoting:

  • A Person who 'does' something involuntarily (such as—like, dislike, remember, be injured, be offended, suffer, feel, enjoy, receive, happen, to have, to meet, to know, to see or to hear, or to do something under compulsion, requirement, necessity, obligation, etc.).
  • An Animate Object, provided it denotes a particular being.
  • The object of a Verb in the Neutral Construction.
  • Every Secondary Object (which is usually animate).
  • The Object of a Verb requiring a predicative word (referring to the object).
  • Nouns denoting time when used adverbially.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)

से is used for denoting :

  • The Subject of a Verb in the passive and impersonal voices.
  • The indirect Objects (which are usually persons) of the Verbs meaning 'to tell, say, ask, ask for, beg, demand, claim, request’.
  • Means, instrument or agency.
  • Manner.
  • Cause, reason, origin.
  • Association, antagonism.
  • Separation or keeping away from.
  • Starting point (place or time).
  • Duration (with reference to a continuous 'action' of present or past).
  • Difference and comparison between two persons or things.
    (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)