Avyakt murli for Thursday 6 January 1983
Now.
Practice, exercise, habituation, frequent repetition of a thing in order to fix it on the memory.
Good.
Well.
All right, well done.
So long.
Habit.
Half.
Right, authority, command, possession, occupation, entitlement.
Governor, ruler, minister, functionary, official, officer, (and generally) one invested with power or authority.
Proprietor, owner, master, heir.
Agent, deputy; one who possesses a right, title, or privilege.
Ahead, in front of, before; in future.
Order.
A call, summons, invocation, citation.
Such, of this type.
Today.
Possessing a form.
(Bābā) Possessing a non-physical form but which can be perceived.
(Bābā) Having the angelic form.
(Bābā) Subtle, not physical.
Unearthly, heavenly, celestial, phenomenal, transcendental, supernatural.
Uncommon, strange, rare, unusual, exceptional, unordinary, extraordinary.
The time of nectar, the hour before dawn, the hour suitable for meditation or prayer.
(Sikhism) the hour before sunrise between 3:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m.
(Bābā) The time of amr̥t, the time of nectar, time of daily meditation after waking up, set from 4:00 a.m. to 4:45 a.m., when the atmosphere is very pure and Baba specially fills a soul with all powers, but perhaps at any time between 2:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m.
To come.
Experience.
You (to a superior, a stranger, his father).
(reflective pronoun) Self, himself, oneself, yourself, themselves...
Reflexive possessive pronoun and adjective : my, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, etc.
To (treat as one's) own.
To adopt.
To appropriate.
That is, that is to say, namely (viz.).
Blessing, benediction.
The soul, the spirit, the self.
And.
Else.
Other.
Australia.
Necessity, need, requirement.
Indestructible, imperishable, everlasting, immortal, entire.
Not manifest, not apparent, imperceptible, indistinct.
Father.
Child, kid, baby, infant.
Inexperienced, raw, of unripe age.
Little garden, flower garden.
Master of the garden, Owner of the garden (title given to God).
To divert one's mind.
To amuse, to recreate, to entertain.
To allure, to entice.
Many, much.
Very.
To sit, to squat, to occupy a seat, to settle, to board, to mount.
Strength, power, force.
Army.
Potency, vigour, vitality.
Emphasis, stress.
To make, to construct, to compose, to build, to prepare, to make ready, to form.
To pull somebody's leg, to patch up, to develop a good equation with.
To befool.
A bond, tie ;the act or process of binding/tying; tie (as of affection, duty) ; bondage; restriction; a fetter.
phil. Attachment to the world; opp. liberation [mokṣa].
To become, be, change, belong (with a possessive pronoun or a noun in the genitive case).
Father.
Similar, identical, equal to the Father.
Bāp and Dādā.
The Father Śhiv and the elder brother Brahmā,
The father Brahmā and the Grandfather Śhiv.
Time, occasion.
Big, large, great, huge, important, commodious, expansive.
Noble, reputed.
Elder, elderly, senior.
Grown up.
Rich.
adv. Very, exceedingly.
To increase, to multiply.
To extend, to raise.
To cause to progress, to cause to grow, to cause to prosper.
To advance.
To magnify.
To exaggerate.
To push ahead.
To extinguish (as a lamp).
To close (as a shop).
To increase, to multiply, to grow, to progress, to advance.
A matter, topic, subject, concern, fact, thing.
To fill, to refill.
Inclusive emphatic particle: too, also, even.
Food, victuals, dish of food, meal.
(prep. and postp. generally preceded by kē) Without, excluding, to the exclusion of.
Without, exclusive of, wanting, except (it may often be conveniently rendered by the Eng. neg. prefixes un-, in, or by the affix -less).
Board.
To speak, to utter, to pronounce.
To bid.
(Hinduism) Brahmā or the Supreme Being regarded as a person, the first deity of the Hindū triad and the Creator of the World.
(Bābā) The first human being in which the Supreme Being descends to give the knowledge allowing us to free ourselves from our bonds of karma.
(Hinduism) The first of the four castes in traditional Hindu social hierarchy whose main duty, as prescribed, was to study, to teach, to perform yagya and to subsist through alms.
(Brahma Kumaris) The mouth born child of Brahma.
The intelligent mind that thinks, observes its thoughts, sets a goal, imbibes knowledge or beliefs and judges what is right or not, what conforms to its purpose or not. This mind grows until an adult age.
Elderly, old, venerable, respected.
Forefather, elderly person.
To call, to convene, to summon, to send for, to invite.
Either, or (usually repeated).
चाहे ... चाहे, either ... or; whether ... or.
To wish, to want, to like, to love, to be fond of, to crave for, to desire, to require.
Continue.
The moon.
On all sides, all around, everywhere.
Small, little, short, young, petty, subordinate, junior, insignificant.
Permission.
Leave, holiday, furlough.
Thing, article, item, object; commodity; ornament.
A thing of value, a valuable, a precious thing.
A race, run, running.
To run, to run about, to rush.
To see, to look, to view, to perceive, to observe.
To consider.
To experience.
To give.
Heart, courage, spirit, will.
A day (comprised of twenty-four hours from sunrise to sunrise).
A day (extending from sunrise to sunset), daytime.
Time(s).
Two, 2.
Double.
Sight, view, vision, glance.
(Bābā) Vision, look.
Twice, double.
A second time, again.
Distant, remote.
Removed (as a difficulty).
(prefix) Distant; tele-.
Far, far off.
Distance, remoteness.
Second.
Other, another.
Next.
By, through, through the medium of, through the agency of, by means of, with.
One, 1, a, single, alone.
The number one.
The One, the Number One. God. There is only one God (Supreme Being) but many gods and goddesses (golden age deities).
To emerge.
Ever-ready.
Exercise.
Extra.
First.
Free.
To sing, to chant.
A song.
Home, house, residence, apartment, room.
Compartment.
Native place, homeland.
Office.
Square or cell (in a chess-board).
Clarified butter (or butter which has been boiled gently and strained and allowed to cool; it is much used in cooking, and is highly esteemed by Hindūs both in food and for religious uses).
Group.
A bouquet.
Hidden, secret, latent, confidential.
Sea or ocean of Gyān, sea or ocean of Knowledge.
We.
(rustic form) I.
Each, every.
Each one, everybody.
Joyous, delighted, cheerful.
The hand, the wrist, the pulse.
Hand, member (of a work team).
A hand (at cards).
Hand, contribution (in some activity).
Handle, arm (of a chair).
Emphatic particle with a sense of exclusion : only.
To be.
To happen, to occur.
To exist.
To be born.
On this account, for this reason, hence, therefore.
As much as this, this much; so much, so many.
(Relative pronoun) When.
Similar to, like, resembling, as, such as.
To go, to depart, to lose, to flow.
To be born.
Birth, origin, genesis.
Life, existence.
To know, to become aware of, to perceive.
To live, to be alive.
Life, animation, existence.
Relative pronoun (without distinction of gender or number): who, that, which, what. Can be coupled with vah creating an identity relationship between the two terms of two propositions in the sentence.
The letter K of our alphabet (used as an initial in acronyms).
का denotes one of the under-mentioned relations between a Noun or a Pronoun and another Noun which follows the former. If the Noun that follows is Feminine (singular or plural), का changes to की; if it is Masculine and Plural, or has an oblique form, का changes to के.
- Possession and relationship.
- Material or composition.
- Worth and measure (space or time).
- Source, origin, cause.
- Subject (doer of an act).
- Object (of an activity).
- Part of a whole.
- Purpose.
- Characteristic.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
Sometime, ever.
Interrogative pronominal adverb : Where ?
Say.
Art, craft, skill.
A sixteenth part (of anything).
A digit or one sixteenth of the moon's diameter (allowing you to distinguish the phases of the moon).
(Bābā) One-sixteenth of the full spiritual light.
(Hinduism) Great cosmological cycle of creation, where the material Universe is created, degrades and is annihilated during the kalpānta.
(Hinduism) Cosmological period of one day (half-day) of Brahmā, duration of a creation of the Universe, worth 1000 great eras [mahāyuga] (approximately 4.32 billion years); each kalpa consists of 14 eras of Manu [manvantara].
(Bābā) Great cosmological cycle of creation, where the material Universe is created in its state of maximum purity, degrades and is then destroyed and recreated (transformation and not annihilation).
(Bābā) cosmological period of one day (paradise for 2500 years) and one night (hell for 2500 years) of Brahmā, duration of a creation of the Universe, worth 5000 years.
Less (also used in comparisons).
Little, few, scanty, short, small, deficient.
Rarely, seldom.
Weak, feeble, ineffectual.
To cause to be done, cause to be made; to actuate, effect, make; to perform (sacrifice, etc.), to assist.
To do.
Also used after a transitive English verb to conjugate.
Action, act, activity.
Work, task, duty, function, role.
Occupation.
Business, matter (in hand), agenda.
interrogative pronoun. Who
Interrogative adjective and pronoun : which.
In front of, ahead of, before.
For, for the sake of.
Near to.
Belonging to (genitive marker).
To have (used with the verb hōnā to be).
With, along with, in the company of, in company with, in connection with.
We will replace kē with a possessive pronoun mērē (mine), tērē (yours), etc. to say "with me", "with you".
Centre.
Key.
Expenditure, expense, cost, outlay.
Hospitality.
To feed.
Food, provisions.
Daily rations.
partic. type of food (of a person), diet.
Single dose (of medicine).
Fragrance, perfume, odour.
Sweet-smelling, fragrant, odoriferous, aromatic.
Joy, delight, happiness.
That (to report indirect speech, example he says that).
Bank, shore, edge, border, verge.
A ray (of light), beam, sunbeam, moonbeam.
(interrogative) How much, how many.
(exclamative) So, so much, so many.
को is used for denoting:
- A Person who 'does' something involuntarily (such as—like, dislike, remember, be injured, be offended, suffer, feel, enjoy, receive, happen, to have, to meet, to know, to see or to hear, or to do something under compulsion, requirement, necessity, obligation, etc.).
- An Animate Object, provided it denotes a particular being.
- The object of a Verb in the Neutral Construction.
- Every Secondary Object (which is usually animate).
- The Object of a Verb requiring a predicative word (referring to the object).
- Nouns denoting time when used adverbially.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
Some, any, someone, anyone.
Interrogative pronoun What? for an open question.
Interrogative adjective What?, Which? (if followed by a name).
Interrogative pronoun for a closed question (yes/no type).
Because, since.
Devotion, perseverence, inclination, attachment.
An auspicious moment (for performing a ceremony).
To engage, to employ.
To attach, to join, to connect.
To plant.
To apply.
To affix.
To make someone hang around.
To levy.
To touch.
To invest.
To paste, to stick.
To set, to fix.
To shut, to close.
To keep.
To backbite.
To inflame.
To add.
The aim, object, objective, target, goal.
Indicated, implied.
Last.
Secular, earthly, worldly, mundane.
'to take and go'.
To go away with, to run away with.
To take away, to carry, to convey, to export, to carry off, to carry away, to bear off.
To refer.
To win, to conquer, to master.
But, but still, on the other hand, however, notwithstanding, nevertheless, yet.
To take.
For, with a view to, for the sake of, on account of.
Taking, carrying, bearing.
To write, to enter, register, record, inscribe, note, compose (a work), enter (in a book).
A man.
People, public.
Placed after the pronoun ham (we), tum (you or you) or āp (you) grammatically plural to remove ambiguity on the number of people (at least 2 people)
The world.
One of the three worlds: svarg (heaven), pr̥thvī (Earth), pātāl (hell).
One of the fourteen worlds (of which seven are above and seven below).
People, folk, public.
Popular, public.
Mother.
(Hinduism) 'The forest of the demon Madhu,' near the Yamuna river (where Śhatru-ghna, after killing Lavaṇa, son of Madhu, founded the city of Madhurā or Mathurā, the city where Kr̥iṣhṇa was born, where God was incarnated).
(Bābā) Place where the seat of the Brahma Kumaris is located where the Supreme Being has descended on numerous occasions (in the body of Brahmā, then of Dadi Gulzar).
Absorbed, engrossed, engaged, busy, immersed, drowned.
Glad, happy, delighted.
I. (personal pronoun)
I am the soul.
Known.
Evident, apparent.
Meat, flesh.
Month.
मात-पिता, माता-पिता māt-pitā, mātā-pitā
Mother and father, parents.
Lord, master, protector.
The Illusion of the world which makes us believe false things and distances us from the Truth taught by God. The world, nature, the universe is not in itself an illusion. It is an eternal reality as is the soul and the Supreme Soul.
में is used for denoting :
- Location or presence (of something) in or within something.
- Duration.
- Price.
- Comparison with reference to more than two, or difference.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
To meet, to encounter, to be mixed, to be mingled, to unite, to merge, to tally, to conform, to obtain, to get, to acquire, to be acquired, to beget, to embrace, to form an alliance.
Earth, soil, clay, dirt, dust.
Mortal remains.
Congratulations. Best wishes.
The mouth, beak, snout, muzzle.
Face, countenance.
Front, fore-part.
Opening, aperture, entrance, exit.
Commencement.
Emphatic particle at the end of the sentence: no?, isn't it?
No.
No.
Not.
Intoxication, drunkenness.
New, novel, fresh, unused, green, recent, modern, raw, inexperienced, young.
Sight, eyesight, vision, look, glance, attention.
Gift, present, offering.
Influence cast by an evil eye.
A postposition denoting the subject (ergative case that is to say with a past participle).
Invitation.
Incorporeal.
An epithet of God.
(Hinduism) without form, permeating everything (which makes God omnipresent).
(Bābā) Incorporeal, without physical or subtle body. God is incorporeal but has a form, the form of a point. Likewise the souls in the incorporeal world are incorporeal and have the form of a point.
A memento, keepsake, token.
Mark, mark of identification, sign, trace.
Confidence, faith, certainty.
Dwelling, abiding (in), inhabiting.
A resident (of), an inhabitant; a native (of).
Restraint, restriction.
Fixed rule, law; principle; regulation.
Custom, normal practice.
Self-imposed restraint or religious observance (as fasting, prayer, pilgrimage); vow; penance; piety.
Moderation, temperateness.
Number.
Number one.
In order, orderly.
According to his rank, his position.
(Hinduism) Sacred syllable symbolising God Almighty.
Sacred syllable symbolising the almighty soul in general. (Hindus confuse the soul and the Supreme Soul)
I am.
Me the soul.
A quadrillion times (1,000,000,000,000,000 times).
Acquaintance, familiarity, recognition, identification.
Identity, identification mark.
To recognize, to identify. To distinguish, to discern, to discriminate.
First, first of all, in the beginning, in olden times, originally, before, beforehand.
To reach, to arrive.
To protect, guard, preserve, foster, nourish, cherish, bring up, rear, breed, domesticate.
To adopt.
Parents' sustenance, care, upbringing, support.
A bird.
Opposite, inimical, other, alien, higher.
पर denotes :
- Location or position on or upon or at something.
- Point of time at which an action takes place.
- Sequence of actions of happenings.
- Cause or reason.
- Objects of (compound) Verbs signifying mercy, faith, confidence, anger etc.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
Family, household.
To fall, to fall down, to drop.
To lie (down).
To occur, to befall.
To be involved; to be hit.
(Following the uninflected infinitive of another verb, paṛnā, like honā, signifies 'have to,' 'must'; e.g. usko jāne paṛā, 'he had to go'; — annexed to the base of some neuter verbs it forms intensives, as gir-paṛnā, 'to fall down'; — annexed to the base of a transitive verb it has generally the sense of honā, as dekh paṛnā, 'to be seen,' 'to become visible').
Party.
To pass.
Utensil, pot, vessel, container.
Character (in a play, drama, etc.)
A deserving person.
—, का Worthy/deserving of; eligible (for).
Holy, sacred, pure.
Fruit (from a tree).
(fig.) Fruit, reward, return, effect, outcome, result, consequence, product.
An angel, a divine messenger.
Then, again, afterwards, thereafter, in future, a second time.
Notwithstanding, even then, in spite of that.
To turn.
To wander, to ramble, to walk about, to go round.
A flower.
The tassel of a rosary (a decoration, consisting of a bunch of hanging threads tied tightly at one end and loose at the other end).
Picnic.
To make to drink, to cause to drink, to administer.
Father, procreator, progenitor.
Practical.
According to or conformably with.
Proof, evidence; verification; warrant.
Evidence (as to a matter).
Got, obtained; procured, acquired.
Obtaining, acquisition; attainment (to a goal, a level); fulfilment (of a request).
Gain, advantage; income.
Receipt (of a letter, &c.); reception (of guests).
Towards.
Visible, perceptible, clear, evident, vivid, real, actual, express, explicit.
Direct, immediate; personal (as acquaintance).
Visible reality, actuality.
प्रवृत्ति मार्ग pravr̥itti mārg
The path of active association with mundane affairs and interest in mundane affairs, the active life.
(Bābā) The household path.
Love, affection, attachment.
Beloved, dear, valued, prized, liked, desired; pleasing, amiable, agreeable, kind.
A beloved object, lover, husband.
Human effort or exertion; valour; industry.
An object of human pursuit.
(Hinduism) The four basic aims of human existence (viz. dharm discharge of duty; arth acquirement of wealth; kām gratification of desire; mokṣha final emancipation).
(Bābā) The effort made by the soul to attain perfection.
(Bābā) Spiritual effort. The effort made for the sake (arth) of development of the soul (puruṣh). This effort includes the steps we take for attaining the perfect state of our original and eternal self.
Flower.
Love, affection, amour, amorous relationship.
Race.
Pity, mercy, compassion.
To remain, to stay.
Juice.
(aesthetic) relish.
Sentiment.
Pleasure, enjoyment.
Taste, flavour.
Ready.
To refine.
Return.
Drizzling.
(onomat.) patter-patter (as rain).
With a pattering sound.
Method, manner, mode.
Custom, way, practice, vogue.
Tradition.
Style.
A day.
Everyday, daily.
Spiritual.
Spiritual love. It is a love based on considering oneself as the soul. It is therefore an unlimited love, out of the ordinary. Even a purely platonic love or a deep friendship is a bodily love if one does not consider oneself as the soul.
Rūp, the one who smiles while making the flowers of virtues emerge from his lips. He is the embodiment of Yoga.
Form, shape, appearance, aspect, image, beauty, good looks, mould, type.
(suffix) Having the form of, of the shape of, similar to.
All, entire, whole, total.
Every.
All people, everybody, the whole.
Word, term, sound.
(genitive case of sab) Of everyone.
Always, perpetually, continually, ever.
The act of accomplishing, or achieving, processing.
An accomplishment, achievement, solution, realization.
Means, medium; expedient.
Appliance(s), equipment, device, an implement.
Resource(s).
(bābā) Material things, comforts, facilities.
Sea, ocean (huge expanse of water of which we cannot see the end).
Easy, simple.
Spontaneous, straightforward, ingenuous.
Innate, natural, congenital.
Natural yogi, easy yogi, who practices yoga naturally, easily, innately.
Formal, having a form.
Concrete, real, visible.
Incarnate.
(Bābā) Corporeal, which has a physical, material form.
To can, to be able to.
Power, strength, potency, energy.
Name of the goddess personifying divine power.
The energy or active power of a deity personified as his wife (as Gaurī of Śhiv, Lakṣhmī of viṣhṇu, &c.)
(Brahma kumaris) Sister, mother.
Śhiv Śhakti, the powers of Śhiv. In Bhakti they are portrayed as goddesses sitting on a lion, swan, lotus etc. They are symbolic of the victory over vices (demons). As power of Śhiv, brothers are Śhiv Śhakti too.
Who possesses power or strength, powerful, strong.
To understand.
To be contained, to enter, to fit, to permeate.
Capability, competence.
Problem.
Connection, relationship.
Near (in place or time), beside, proximate, close by, at hand.
Before, in front of; opposite, facing, confronting, being face to face.
Determination, resolve, resolution, will.
Mind, thought, idea.
(Bābā) Thought, idea.
(Bābā) Right idea, pure thought (śuddha khyāl)
Perfecting, finishing; refining; adorning.
An inborn power or faculty; instinct.
Influence, impress (of nurture).
A concept, idea.
(Hinduism) Any of various essential sanctifying or purificatory rites (as the first taking of solid food, investiture with the sacred thread, marriage and funeral rites).
(Bābā) Impression or imprint of the state of mind. There are the innate saṅskār, inherent to the soul and the acquired saṅskār. When the soul does an action, an acquired saṅskār is formed. This saṅskār then incites us to the same action (with the same state of mind) in similar circumstances for example. Character traits are saṅskār. These saṅskār are part of the soul and not the body as many believe. They therefore accumulate over several lives.
Peace, calmness, quiet, tranquillity, quietude, silence.
Body.
All ; whole, entire, complete.
With, together, along with.
Company, association.
से is used for denoting :
- The Subject of a Verb in the passive and impersonal voices.
- The indirect Objects (which are usually persons) of the Verbs meaning 'to tell, say, ask, ask for, beg, demand, claim, request’.
- Means, instrument or agency.
- Manner.
- Cause, reason, origin.
- Association, antagonism.
- Separation or keeping away from.
- Starting point (place or time).
- Duration (with reference to a continuous 'action' of present or past).
- Difference and comparison between two persons or things.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
Second.
Service.
Service.
(Bābā) Selfless use of our mind, body and wealth for the benefit of the world.
To learn.
Persian word derived from the Sindhi word "sik" which means "very dear". Just like ordinary parents, after waiting a lot, have a lot of sik-sik (love) for the child at birth. Likewise after 5000 years, the children meet at the confluence, then there is a lot of love for the children.
(Bābā) Who disappear and then are found after a long time.
A star.
Fortune, fate, destiny.
Memory, remembrance.
Books of traditional code of Hindu law.
Love, affection.
Oil, oily substance.
A lover.
Loving, affectionate.
To sleep.
Distinct, clear, apparent, evident, obvious, manifest, intelligible, easy, plain.
Special.
The best, good, excellent, superior.
Creation.
The world.
Place, spot, site.
Subtle.
Subtle homeland.
To cause to hear, to relate, to read out, to recite, to pronounce.
To hear, to listen, to pay heed.
Hearing, audition.
Sun.
Shape, form.
Appearance.
Character, nature.
(Hinduism) Form assumed by a deity, or by the ultimate being; image, idol.
Of the same nature or character; similar.
(suffix) Having the nature or character (of), by way of, as, amounting to.
(Bābā) Form assumed by the soul; image.
By oneself, on one's own.
Of one's own accord or volition.
Involuntarily, automatically.
By nature, naturally.
Self-.
Switch.
Power, force, strength, might.
Fate, destiny.
Fixed or permanent place or abode.
Proper place.
Precise or exact spot, whereabouts.
Place, spot, site.
Dwelling place, abode, residence, home, quarters.
Destination.
A little, some, meagre, scanty.
Short.
The three, all three.
Then, therefore, moreover.
An emphatic particle (e.g. मैं तो जाऊँगा).
At any rate, however, at least.
To fly.
To fade, to get dim, to vanish.
To explode.
Genitive case of vah : of him, of her, of that, his, her.
Or.
Third person personal pronoun: he, she, it (and also they).
Distant demonstrative pronoun and adjective: that (and also those).
(emphatic form of vah) That very, that very one.
A suffix denoting an agent, doer, owner, possessor, keeper or inhabitant : the one of, the one with, the one who.
Speech, voice.
Saraswati : the goddess of speech.
Faithful, trusty, true, loyal.
Granting a favor or a wish, blessing.
(Hindu mythology) A blessing, typically a supernatural power, granted to an ascetic by a god or goddess.
Variety.
Article, thing, object, substance, material, content.
Action or plot of a drama.
Homeland, native country.
Foreign, alien, exotic.
A foreigner, foreign national.
Special, specific, particular, distinctive, characteristic, typical.
Speciality, peculiarity, singularity, quality, attribute, characteristic.
Or, either.
Remembrance, recollection, memory.
To think of, to remember, recollect, call to mind.
To commit to memory.
(Bābā) To remember (by making an effort). It is a function of the higher mind (buddhi).
3rd person personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun or determiner in a close context : he, she, this (also they, these).
Here, hither, in/at this place.
Emphatic form of yah: this very.
In which manner, as, like as, like, according to.
Thus, so.
As is right or proper; fitly, suitably.
Connection, union.
Combination; conjuncture (as of heavenly bodies); agreement, similarity.
Yoga, a theory or practice of abstract meditation undertaken to bring the soul towards or into union with the supreme spirit; bodily exercises or disciplines, as conducive to the above.
(Bābā) Union in remembrance (especially with the Father).
(One) who practices yōg.
Youth.
Device.
Means.
Tactics, artifice, manoeuvre.
Skill.
Argument, plea.