Daily Murli for Wednesday 27 December 2023
Words are sorted according to their frequency (number of times the word occurs in the murli). This frequency appears in parentheses.
होना hōnā (114)
To be.
To happen, to occur.
To exist.
To be born.
का kā (70)
का denotes one of the under-mentioned relations between a Noun or a Pronoun and another Noun which follows the former. If the Noun that follows is Feminine (singular or plural), का changes to की; if it is Masculine and Plural, or has an oblique form, का changes to के.
- Possession and relationship.
- Material or composition.
- Worth and measure (space or time).
- Source, origin, cause.
- Subject (doer of an act).
- Object (of an activity).
- Part of a whole.
- Purpose.
- Characteristic.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
तो tō (52)
Then, therefore, moreover.
An emphatic particle (e.g. मैं तो जाऊँगा).
At any rate, however, at least.
करना karnā (50)
To do.
Also used after a transitive English verb to conjugate.
को kō (43)
को is used for denoting:
- A Person who 'does' something involuntarily (such as—like, dislike, remember, be injured, be offended, suffer, feel, enjoy, receive, happen, to have, to meet, to know, to see or to hear, or to do something under compulsion, requirement, necessity, obligation, etc.).
- An Animate Object, provided it denotes a particular being.
- The object of a Verb in the Neutral Construction.
- Every Secondary Object (which is usually animate).
- The Object of a Verb requiring a predicative word (referring to the object).
- Nouns denoting time when used adverbially.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
यह yah (43)
3rd person personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun or determiner in a close context : he, she, this (also they, these).
भी bhī (39)
Inclusive emphatic particle: too, also, even.
वह vah (36)
Third person personal pronoun: he, she, it (and also they).
Distant demonstrative pronoun and adjective: that (and also those).
तुम tum (34)
You (between equals).
नहीं nahī̃ (31)
No.
Not.
मैं maĩ (29)
I. (personal pronoun)
देना dēnā (27)
To give.
बनना bannā (25)
To become, be, change, belong (with a possessive pronoun or a noun in the genitive case).
कहना kahnā (25)
Say.
में mē̃ (25)
में is used for denoting :
- Location or presence (of something) in or within something.
- Duration.
- Price.
- Comparison with reference to more than two, or difference.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
बाप bāp (23)
Father.
key (22)
Key.
आना ānā (21)
To come.
से sē (21)
से is used for denoting :
- The Subject of a Verb in the passive and impersonal voices.
- The indirect Objects (which are usually persons) of the Verbs meaning 'to tell, say, ask, ask for, beg, demand, claim, request’.
- Means, instrument or agency.
- Manner.
- Cause, reason, origin.
- Association, antagonism.
- Separation or keeping away from.
- Starting point (place or time).
- Duration (with reference to a continuous 'action' of present or past).
- Difference and comparison between two persons or things.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
ही hī (18)
Emphatic particle with a sense of exclusion : only.
जो jō (18)
Relative pronoun (without distinction of gender or number): who, that, which, what. Can be coupled with vah creating an identity relationship between the two terms of two propositions in the sentence.
बनाना banānā (16)
To make, to construct, to compose, to build, to prepare, to make ready, to form.
To pull somebody's leg, to patch up, to develop a good equation with.
To befool.
कोई kōī (14)
Some, any, someone, anyone.
prize (14)
Prize.
बच्चा bachchā (13)
Child, kid, baby, infant.
Inexperienced, raw, of unripe age.
K (13)
The letter K of our alphabet (used as an initial in acronyms).
यज्ञ yagya (13)
Sometimes Baba also says that it is the imperishable sacrificial fire of knowledge created by God, Rudra, in which a horse is sacrificed for attaining the kingdom.
The word “yagya” stands for “sacrificial fire” Yagyas are normally conducted for protection against natural calamities, wars, for rain-making etc.
Ashwamedh yagya (where a horse is sacrificed) is mentioned in ancient scriptures A ritual described there is performed by a king (raja) who strives for becoming a great king, or an emperor (maharaja) Before the yagya is conducted, a horse is set loose to roam around wherever it chooses for a few months or a year If the inhabitants of the lands that the horse crosses let it cross their territory without any obstruction, it means they accept the raja’s rule over them In this way the raja becomes a chakravarti raja (literally - the ruler of the entire globe).
In Baba’s murlis the word “yagya” often stands for this Godly University, or this system of giving the knowledge and providing God’s sustenance, created by Baba at the Confluence age Every Baba’s service place is the yagya. Madhuban is often called Mahayagya (the Great Yagya).
अब ab (12)
Now.
बाबा bābā (12)
Father.
आत्मा ātmā (11)
The soul, the spirit, the self.
और aur (11)
And.
Else.
Other.
बड़ा baṛā (11)
Big, large, great, huge, important, commodious, expansive.
Noble, reputed.
Elder, elderly, senior.
Grown up.
Rich.
adv. Very, exceedingly.
इतना itnā (11)
As much as this, this much; so much, so many.
परमात्मा paramātmā (11)
Supreme Soul : Śiv and not Brahmā.
फिर phir (11)
Then, again, afterwards, thereafter, in future, a second time.
फिरना phirnā (11)
To turn.
To wander, to ramble, to walk about, to go round.
वाला vālā (11)
A suffix denoting an agent, doer, owner, possessor, keeper or inhabitant : the one of, the one with, the one who.
महिमा mahimā (10)
Exaltation, greatness, grandeur, glory, dignity, majesty, importance.
ना nā (10)
Emphatic particle at the end of the sentence: no?, isn't it?
No.
पतित patit (10)
Fallen, depraved.
अपना apnā (9)
Reflexive possessive pronoun and adjective : my, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, etc.
भारत bhārat (9)
The ancient name of India (so called because it was the patrimony of Bharat, son of Dushyant, who is said to have been the first monarch of all India)
हम ham (9)
We.
(rustic form) I.
क्या kyā (9)
Interrogative pronoun What? for an open question.
Interrogative adjective What?, Which? (if followed by a name).
Interrogative pronoun for a closed question (yes/no type).
ने nē (9)
A postposition denoting the subject (ergative case that is to say with a past participle).
राज्य rājya (9)
Kingdom, rule, reign, polity, the state.
सकना saknā (9)
To can, to be able to.
दुनिया duniyā (8)
World.
The present world, the present life or state of existence.
The people of this world, people.
Worldly enjoyments or blessings, worldly goods, the good things of this life, wealth, riches.
इसलिए isliē (8)
On this account, for this reason, hence, therefore.
जन्मना janamnā (8)
To be born.
जन्म janm (8)
Birth, origin, genesis.
Life, existence.
कि ki (8)
That (to report indirect speech, example he says that).
मददगार madadgār (8)
Helper, supporter, assistant.
रचना rachnā (8)
रहना rahnā (8)
To remain, to stay.
तब tab (8)
Then, at that time, afterwards, thereupon, therefore, hence.
ब्राह्मण brāhmaṇ (7)
(Hinduism) The first of the four castes in traditional Hindu social hierarchy whose main duty, as prescribed, was to study, to teach, to perform yagya and to subsist through alms.
(Brahma Kumaris) The mouth born child of Brahma.
जानना jānnā (7)
To know, to become aware of, to perceive.
लेना lēnā (7)
To take.
मिलना milnā (7)
To meet, to encounter, to be mixed, to be mingled, to unite, to merge, to tally, to conform, to obtain, to get, to acquire, to be acquired, to beget, to embrace, to form an alliance.
Supreme Father.
परन्तु parantu (7)
But, however.
purity (7)
Purity.
रावण rāvaṇ (7)
The king of ancient Ceylon (Laṅkā) who kidnapped Rām's queen consort Sītā and later fought him and was killed, villain of the great epic Rāmāyaṇ.
A demonic person.
(Bābā) Ravan, a ten-headed demon-king, the ruler of Lanka. Symbolic of five vices in males and five vices in females.
स्थापना, स्थापन sthāpanā, sthāpan (7)
Establishment.
(in particular) The establishment of the new world.
स्वर्ग svarg (7)
Paradise, heaven, abode of gods : Earth or Bharat in the Golden Age.
चलना chalnā (6)
Continue.
ज्ञान gyān (6)
Knowledge directly taught by God.
जब jab (6)
(Relative pronoun) When.
जैसा jaisā (6)
Similar to, like, resembling, as, such as.
कैसा kaisā (6)
(interrogative adjective and adverb of manner) What-like, what sort of, what kind or manner of, in what manner, how, by what means.
पावन pāvan (6)
Holy, sacred, immaculate, pure.
A suffix denoting one who or that which purifies.
peace (6)
Peace.
पीसना pīsnā (6)
To grind, to pound, to powder, to mill.
सबसे sabsē (6)
(superlative) Of all, the most.
समझाना samjhānā (6)
(Causative of samajhnā) To persuade, explain.
सारा sārā (6)
All, the whole, whole, entire, complete, universal.
शिवबाबा śhivbābā (6)
The Father Śiv.
ऐसा aisā (5)
Such, of this type.
अपनाना apnānā (5)
To (treat as one's) own.
To adopt.
To appropriate.
drama (5)
Drama.
(Bābā) Film (which repeats itself identically unlike a play).
(Bābā) The Great Drama of life lasting 5000 years which revolves eternally. Human beings are the actors: souls occupying a costume or body. The sun, moon and stars are the lighting of the stage. The part of each person is inscribed in the soul and cannot be modified, which makes the Drama predestined.
ग्लानि glāni (5)
Weariness, languor, lassitude, fatigue, exhaustion; inertness; depression (of mind); debility; sickness.
Unwillingness, reluctance; aversion, disgust.
Remorse, repentance.
(Bābā) Defamation.
कौन kaun (5)
interrogative pronoun. Who
कितना kitnā (5)
(interrogative) How much, how many.
(exclamative) So, so much, so many.
लगाना lagānā (5)
To engage, to employ.
To attach, to join, to connect.
To plant.
To apply.
To affix.
To make someone hang around.
To levy.
To touch.
To invest.
To paste, to stick.
To set, to fix.
To shut, to close.
To keep.
To backbite.
To inflame.
To add.
मदद madad (5)
Help, assistance, aid, support, relief, reinforcement, hands (as labourers, masons, etc.).
To reach, to arrive.
पर par (5)
पर denotes :
- Location or position on or upon or at something.
- Point of time at which an action takes place.
- Sequence of actions of happenings.
- Cause or reason.
- Objects of (compound) Verbs signifying mercy, faith, confidence, anger etc.
(A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi)
पर par (5)
Opposite, inimical, other, alien, higher.
पूजा pūjā (5)
Daily religious rite, divine service; the rite of pūjā gradually supplanted the solemn rites of Vedic sacrifice (yagya).
Worship, adoration, veneration.
पूजना pūjnā (5)
पुराना purānā (5)
Old, ancient.
Worn out, old-fashioned, antiquated, obsolete, out of date.
Experienced, sage, knowing.
सब sab (5)
All, entire, whole, total.
Every.
All people, everybody, the whole.
ऊंच ūñch (5)
High, lofty, tall, raised, elevated, exalted, eminent.
To think of, to remember, recollect, call to mind.
To commit to memory.
(Bābā) To remember (by making an effort). It is a function of the higher mind (buddhi).
यहाँ yahā̃ (5)
Here, hither, in/at this place.
आफत āphat (4)
बन ban (4)
छोटा chhōṭā (4)
Small, little, short, young, petty, subordinate, junior, insignificant.
देवता dēvtā (4)
A god, deity, divine being. (does not apply to God)
धर्म dharm (4)
What is to be held or kept: the complex of religious and social obligations which a devout Hindu is required to fulfil, right action, duty; morality; virtue, virtuous life; justice.
Customary observances of community or sect, etc.
The prescriptions or sanctions of religion; moral law.
Religion.
Particular nature or character; walk of life; way of life (e.g. of a woman as opposed to a man, of a man as opposed to a youth); caste.
Spiritual merit, as deriving from the fulfilment of dharma.
दिल dil (4)
Heart, courage, spirit, will.
एक ēk (4)
One, 1, a, single, alone.
The number one.
The One, the Number One. God. There is only one God (Supreme Being) but many gods and goddesses (golden age deities).
कल्प kalp (4)
(Hinduism) Great cosmological cycle of creation, where the material Universe is created, degrades and is annihilated during the kalpānta.
(Hinduism) Cosmological period of one day (half-day) of Brahmā, duration of a creation of the Universe, worth 1000 great eras [mahāyuga] (approximately 4.32 billion years); each kalpa consists of 14 eras of Manu [manvantara].
(Bābā) Great cosmological cycle of creation, where the material Universe is created in its state of maximum purity, degrades and is then destroyed and recreated (transformation and not annihilation).
(Bābā) cosmological period of one day (paradise for 2500 years) and one night (hell for 2500 years) of Brahmā, duration of a creation of the Universe, worth 5000 years.
Who makes happiness.
के लिए kē liē (4)
For, for the sake of.
न na (4)
Not (subjunctive or imperative).
Na .. na, Neither .. nor.
Repetitive Compounds of indefinite Pronouns, and of Adverbs formed from them are made by placing the Negative particle between the two words. These Compounds have a pronounced indefinite force. (A Basic Grammar of Modern Hindi - Appendice III 5-j)
निश्चय niśhchay (4)
Confidence, faith, certainty.
पवित्र pavitr (4)
Holy, sacred, pure.
सबका sabkā (4)
(genitive case of sab) Of everyone.
One who abandons or resigns; one who has abandoned all worldly possessions and affections, an ascetic, a devotee.
A Brāhmaṇ of the fourth order or āśram, a religious mendicant.
शिव śhiv (4)
Beneficial, favorable, auspicious, salutary.
Well-being, prosperity, happiness.
(Hinduism) Confused with Śhaṅkar. Name of the third god of the Hindū triad, the Deity in the character of producer or destroyer (Śhiv's most distinctive function is to preside over the dissolution of the world at the end of each aeon in order that it may be created anew), or Time personified.
(Hinduism) The phallic or pillar emblem of Śhiv.
(Bābā) The name of the Supreme Being The Auspicious, the Good, the Well-being, etc. who does his work of Creation, Sustainment and Destruction of the World through the trimūrti Brahmā, Viṣhṇu and Śhaṅkar three subtle deities created by God in the subtle world.
(Bābā) The Seed of the Human World Tree.
(Bābā) The Point. He is the Supreme Soul and therefore has the shape of a point like any soul. As He is incorporeal, it was represented with the shape of a pillar or, more anciently, an egg. The degradation of devotion has led Hindus to see it as a phallic representation symbolizing the Creator role of God and others to transgress the rules of Hindu conduct (left path tantra) where sexuality is permitted and revered as a divine activity.
आधा ādhā (3)
Half.
आधाकल्प ādhākalp (3)
Half a cycle, half a kalpa, 2500 years.
आदि ādi (3)
Etcetera.
Beginning.
Early, initial, primordial.
आप āp (3)
You (to a superior, a stranger, his father).
(reflective pronoun) Self, himself, oneself, yourself, themselves...
बाकी bākī (3)
But if.., but, nevertheless.
बाकी bākī (3)
Remaining, left over, remainder, balance, arrears, subtraction.
बापदादा bāpdādā (3)
Bāp and Dādā.
The Father Śhiv and the elder brother Brahmā,
The father Brahmā and the Grandfather Śhiv.
बार bār (3)
Time, occasion.
बेहद bēhad (3)
Limitless, unlimited, unbounded.
Excessive, too, too much.
भक्ति bhakti (3)
Religious devotion, adoration, loving faith, piety, devoted service.
(Bābā) Bhakti, the system of worship based on faith in God, devotion and love for Him, devoid however of the true knowledge (gyan) about Him.
ब्रह्मा brahmā (3)
(Hinduism) Brahmā or the Supreme Being regarded as a person, the first deity of the Hindū triad and the Creator of the World.
(Bābā) The first human being in which the Supreme Being descends to give the knowledge allowing us to free ourselves from our bonds of karma.
चाहना chāhnā (3)
To wish, to want, to like, to love, to be fond of, to crave for, to desire, to require.
गाना gānā (3)
To sing, to chant.
A song.
गृहस्थ gr̥ihasth (3)
Being a householder; a householder; a brāhmaṇ carrying out the obligations of domestic life.
(Bābā) Household, carrying out the obligations of domestic life.
जाना jānā (3)
To go, to depart, to lose, to flow.
कराना karānā (3)
To cause to be done, cause to be made; to actuate, effect, make; to perform (sacrifice, etc.), to assist.
खेल khēl (3)
Play; sport; amusement; dallying.
A game.
Something easy or unimportant: a trifle.
A wonder, a spectacle.
Showing (as of a film).
खेलना khēlnā (3)
To play, sport, gambol, frisk, frolic; to amuse or divert oneself.
To play at, to gamble, to play a part or character, to act, to perform.
To nod the head under the influence of a spirit.
क्यों kyō̃ (3)
Why.
क्योंकि kyōṅki (3)
Because, since.
लक्ष्मी-नारायण lakṣhmī-nārāyaṇ (3)
Lakṣmī and Nārāyaṇ.
लड़ाना laṛānā (3)
पहला pahlā (3)
पहले pahlē (3)
First, first of all, in the beginning, in olden times, originally, before, beforehand.
पाना pānā (3)
पार pār (3)
The other coast, the other bank, the other side.
Extremity, limit, conclusion, end.
Across, on the other side, on the other bank, on the other coast.
Past, last, next.
पड़ना paṛnā (3)
To fall, to fall down, to drop.
To lie (down).
To occur, to befall.
To be involved; to be hit.
(Following the uninflected infinitive of another verb, paṛnā, like honā, signifies 'have to,' 'must'; e.g. usko jāne paṛā, 'he had to go'; — annexed to the base of some neuter verbs it forms intensives, as gir-paṛnā, 'to fall down'; — annexed to the base of a transitive verb it has generally the sense of honā, as dekh paṛnā, 'to be seen,' 'to become visible').
फिर से phir sē (3)
Anew, afresh.
पूरा pūrā (3)
Complete, all, whole, entire, full, gross, total, thorough, adequate.
Sufficiency, adequacy.
रचवाना rachvānā (3)
रखना rakhnā (3)
To put, to place, to keep, to possess, to have, to employ, to appoint.
रूद्र rūdra (3)
'The Roarer, or Howler,' the god of tempests, (in the later mythology) an epithet of Śiv ; an epithet of the inferior manifestations of Śiv (as the personified roaring of the storms).
(Bābā) Another name for God Śiv.
सबको sabkō (3)
sab + kō : everything, everyone.
सदा sadā (3)
Always, perpetually, continually, ever.
संन्यास sannyās (3)
Renunciation, asceticism.
Abandonment of worldly ties or mundane interests.
The fourth stage of life according to Hindu tradition (when one is supposed to renounce all worldly considerations).
(Bābā) Unlimited renunciation is to renounce the world of sorrow.
सतयुग satyug (3)
The first of the four yug of the universe according to Indian mythology. Satyug is said to be the best or golden period or age of creation.
सिर्फ sirph (3)
Salutation, adoration, obeisance to Śiv.
सृष्टि sr̥iṣhṭi (3)
Creation.
The world.
star (3)
Star.
थोड़ेही thōṛēhī (3)
Little indeed, in no part or degree, not at all, in no wise, never.
वही vahī (3)
(emphatic form of vah) That very, that very one.
वर्ण varṇ (3)
Colour; quality (of gold, as shown by its mark on a touchstone).
Class, type, kind; race.
Any of the four classes into which Indo-Aryan society was early divided, viz. brāhmaṇ, kṣhatriya, vaiśhya and śhūdra.
(in comp.) Caste.
Form, aspect; manner of dress; theatrical costume.
Letter (of an alphabet, a syllabary), sound, syllable.
(Bābā) One of the five social classes brāhmaṇ (confluence age), dēvtā (golden age), kṣhatriya (silver age), vaiśhya (copper age) and śhūdra (iron age).
विजयी vijayī (3)
Conquering, victorious, triumphant.
A conqueror.
विनाश vināśh (3)
Utter destruction, disappearance, destruction, utter loss, ruin, death, annihilation.
(in particular) The destruction of the old world.
या yā (3)
Or, either.
यही yahī (3)
Emphatic form of yah: this very.
अच्छा achchhā (2)
Good.
Well.
All right, well done.
So long.
आदि-मध्य-अन्त ādi-madhya-ant (2)
The beginning, the middle and the end.
From beginning to end.
आगे āgē (2)
Ahead, in front of, before; in future.
आहुति āhuti (2)
'not so', Do not believe.
अन्धियारा, अंधेरा andhiyārā, andhērā (2)
Dark.
Darkness.
अनेक anēk (2)
'not one'. Many, several, various, much, abundant.
अन्य anya (2)
Other, another, different; separate.
Boundless, infinite.
अशरीरी aśharīrī (2)
Incorporeal, bodiless, unembodied.
और कोई aur kōī (2)
Someone else, anyone else.
बहुत bahut (2)
Many, much.
Very.
बढ़ना baṛhnā (2)
To increase, to multiply, to grow, to progress, to advance.
बीज bīj (2)
Seed, kernel. Source, origin, primary cause.
birth (2)
ब्रह्मा की रात brahmā kī rāt (2)
Night of Brahmā.
(Hinduism) One kalp or 1000 great eras (mahāyug) (about 4.32 billion years).
(Bābā) The copper and iron ages.
(Bābā) Half a kalp or half of 5000 years: 2500 years.
द्वारा dvārā (2)
By, through, through the medium of, through the agency of, by means of, with.
गद्दी gaddī (2)
Cushion, throne, seat.
घरबार gharbār (2)
घोर ghōr (2)
Awful, formidable, terrible.
Dense, thick, deep.
Sharp.
गीता gītā (2)
(Hinduism) The Bhagvadgītā which contains the celebrated discourse of Lord Kr̥ṣṇa directed to Arjun, the stupefied hero of the Mahābhārat.
(Bābā) The true Gītā is the murlī.
गुरू gurū (2)
A teacher, mentor, preceptor, spiritual guide.
Jupiter, the Preceptor of the gods.
(Bābā) A spiritual guide to achieve liberation.
Sacrificial fire of knowledge.
Brahma Kumaris (our school), i.e. Gyān Yagya created by Shiv Baba (Rudra) to enable souls, by studying spiritual knowledge (Gita), to sacrifice body consciousness (ashva means “horse”) and claim self-sovereignty (rajasv). Every Baba’s service place is the yagya. Madhuban is often called Mahayagya (the Great Yagya).
हद had (2)
Boundary.
Limit, bounds, extent.
Bar, obstruction.
इस समय is samay (2)
At this time, now.
Burying ground, graveyard, cemetery.
कमजोरी kamjōrī (2)
Weakness, feebleness ; deficiency ; debility.
कौड़ी kauṛī (2)
A small shell (used as a coin), a 'cowrie,' Cyprœa moneta.
खुशी khuśhī (2)
Joy, delight, happiness.
लड़ाई laṛāī (2)
Fight, war, battle, quarrel, encounter, clash, enmity.
ममत्व mamatva (2)
Affection, attachment, the sense of owniṉg or being one with something or somebody.
मन्दिर mandir (2)
Temple.
माया māyā (2)
The Illusion of the world which makes us believe false things and distances us from the Truth taught by God. The world, nature, the universe is not in itself an illusion. It is an eternal reality as is the soul and the Supreme Soul.
Sweet children.
नहीं तो nahī̃ tō (2)
Otherwise, or else, if not, lest, but for.
No, certainly not.
नाम nām (2)
Name.
नमः namaḥ (2)
A bow, salutation, reverential salutation, paying honour (by gesture or words); adoration, obeisance (performed by joining the palms and inclining the head; — often used in connection with the name of a deity in the S. dat., e.g. Gaṇeśāya namas, 'salutation or reverence to Ganeś)
निश्चयबुद्धि niśhchaybuddhi (2)
Determined mind, assured mind, decided mind, certain mind, resolute mind.
नूँधा nūndhā (2)
(Hinduism) Om! Peace! Peace! Peace! (Shanti Mantra or hindu prayer for peace in the Upanishads)
Me the soul ! Peace !
I am Peace !
Hello, good morning, good afternoon, good evening (greeting between bk)
परिचय parichay (2)
Introduction, acquaintance, familiarity.
part (2)
Part.
पता patā (2)
Address, whereabouts, information, knowledge.
The Saviour of the fallen, the One who purify the sinful (epithet of the supreme being).
फिराना phirānā (2)
To cause to be turned, to turn, to whirl, to wheel, to turn round, to wind, to screw.
To turn aside or away.
To return, to give back.
To turn back.
To change.
To roll, to shift.
प्रकार prakār (2)
Manner, way.
prosperity (2)
Prosperity.
राजधानी rājdhānī (2)
King's residence, a royal palace, royal city, seat of government, capital, metropolis.
रत्न ratna (2)
A gem, precious stone.
The most outstanding individual of a class.
The pupil of the eye.
(in comp.) Anything valuable or desirable, any precious thing, anything excellent or best of its kind (e.g. strī-ratn, 'a pearl of a woman').
समर्थ samarth (2)
Capable, competent.
Powerful.
समय samay (2)
Time.
Period.
Times, timings.
Occasion.
Leisure.
A convention.
To take care of.
To support.
To hold.
To keep in careful custody.
To manage.
To supervise.
सामने sāmnē (2)
सर्वशक्तिमान् sarvśhaktimān (2)
Almighty, all powerful, omnipotent.
स्वदर्शन चक्र svadarśhan chakra (2)
(Hinduism) Sudarśhan 'beautiful vision', the name of the mythological discus wielded by Lord Vishṉū.
(Bābā) The chakra of svadarśhan, The cycle of seeing oneself and one’s fortune. (seeing oneself in its different forms)
sweet (2)
Sweet.
sweet home (2)
Sweet home.
(Bābā) śhāntidhām the incorporeal world.
(Bābā) satyug the world in golden age.
Seeing the three times: the past, the present and the future; omniscient; Rishi or divine sage.
तुल्य tulya (2)
Equal; similar (to); comparable (in weight or significance).
उत्तम uttam (2)
The best, excellent, good.
वा vā (2)
Or.
वैसा vaisā (2)
Speciality, peculiarity, singularity, quality, attribute, characteristic.
विश्व viśhva (2)
The world, universe.
यदा yadā (2)
ज़रूर zarūr (2)
Certainly, undoubtedly, positively, without fail.
adopt (1)
To take something or someone as one’s own.
अगर agar (1)
If, if so be, in case, in the event of.
आकर्षण ākarṣhaṇ (1)
Attraction, charm, allurement.
अलग alag (1)
Different, separate, apart, distinct.
अल्पकाल alpkāl (1)
Short term.
American (1)
American.
अनगिनत anginat (1)
Innumerable, numberless, countless.
अन्त ant (1)
End.
अन्तिम antim (1)
Last, final, ultimate, concluding, conclusive.
अर्थ arth (1)
Meaning.
Import, sense.
Wealth, money.
For, for the sake of.
आत्मा-परमात्मा ātmā-paramātmā (1)
The soul and the Supreme Soul.
The Lord who changes thorns into flowers (Temple to Shiva in Mumbai).
बचाना bachānā (1)
To save, to defend, to protect.
To retain (unused or unspent).
To (cause to) avoid, to (to cause to) keep away or aloof.
To cause to escape.
To spare.
बाद bād (1)
After, later, subsequently.
बहुकाल bahukāl (1)
For a long time.
बैठना baiṭhnā (1)
To sit, to squat, to occupy a seat, to settle, to board, to mount.
बलिहार, बलिहारी balihār, balihārī (1)
Oblation, offering, sacrifice, victim.
The offering of a portion of the daily meal of ghī, grain, and rice, &c. to all creatures of every description (i.e. to gods, semi-divine beings, men, animals, and even inanimate objects).
Ready made, finished, complete, perfect, entire.
बंद band (1)
Closed, shut, locked, locked up.
Stopped, discontinued.
बाप कहते हैं bāp kahtē haĩ (1)
The Father says.
बरसात barsāt (1)
Rainy season, the rains (the third of the six seasons).
Rain.
बात bāt (1)
A matter, topic, subject, concern, fact, thing.
भल bhal (1)
Even if, even though.
भाषा bhāṣhā (1)
Language, speech.
The vernacular of any country.
Dialect.
The Hindī language.
भव bhav (1)
भव bhav (1)
(imperative of 'to be', 'to become' in Sanskrit) Just become.
(Bābā) The word introduces a blessing 'May you be...' placed at the beginning in English but at the end in Hindi.
भविष्य bhaviṣhya (1)
Future; what has yet to be, what will be, the future.
भ्रकुटी के बीच bhrakuṭī kē bīch (1)
Middle of the eyebrows.
भूमि bhūmi (1)
बिन्दु bindu (1)
Point, dot.
Zero.
Spot.
(in Indian dramaturgy) a point in drama where a minor episode begins to take shape.
A drop.
Bull's eye (in shooting).
biography (1)
Biography. The history of a person's life.
ब्रह्मा का दिन brahmā kā din (1)
Day of Brahmā.
(Hinduism) One kalp or 1000 great eras (mahāyug) (about 4.32 billion years).
(Bābā) The golden and silver ages.
(Bābā) Half a kalp or 2500 years.
बुद्धि buddhi (1)
The intelligent mind that thinks, observes its thoughts, sets a goal, imbibes knowledge or beliefs and judges what is right or not, what conforms to its purpose or not. This mind grows until an adult age.
Buddhi Yoga. The remembrance of the mind. The yoga of the intellect Baba says that the yoga is the remembrance of the Supreme, and to remember is a task of the intellect.
चाहे chāhē (1)
Either, or (usually repeated).
चाहे ... चाहे, either ... or; whether ... or.
चाहिए chāhiē (1)
Is necessary, is needful, is requisite, is proper, is right.
It behoves.
Should, ought, must (be).
चलाना chalānā (1)
The one belonging to the lunar dynasty or race.
(Bābā) A descendant of the lunar lineage (kṣatriya lineage of the Silver Age).
चारों chārō̃ (1)
The four, the whole four, all four.
छोड़ना chhōṛnā (1)
To leave.
To abandon.
To release.
creator (1)
Creator.
cum (1)
दक्षिणा dakṣhiṇā (1)
दलाल dalāl (1)
डालना ḍālnā (1)
To put in, to pour, to drop, to thrust.
दान dān (1)
Donation, charity, alms, a religious gift (in cash or kind).
A suffix used to denote a stand, container or pot etc.
देखना dēkhnā (1)
To see, to look, to view, to perceive, to observe.
To consider.
To experience.
Goddess and god.
To become a divinity.
धाम dhām (1)
Residence, abode.
Seat of a diety.
The four chief pilgrimage centres (of the Hindus).
धारणा के लिए मुख्य सार dhārṇā kē liē mukhya sār (1)
Essence for dhārṇā.
diamond (1)
Diamond.
दिलाना dilānā (1)
To cause to be given, to cause to be handed over.
दोनों dōnō̃ (1)
दूसरा dūsrā (1)
Second.
Other, another.
Next.
द्वापर dvāpar (1)
The third of the four yug or ages according to the Hindu mythology, the age of transition from good (satyug and trētā) to the age of vice (kaliyug).
earth (1)
Earth.
faith (1)
Faith.
father shows son (1)
first (1)
First.
Installed on the throne, coronated.
गांधी gāndhī (1)
गंवाना ganvānā (1)
To lose, to waste, to squander.
गर्भ garbh (1)
The womb.
Pregnancy.
Foetus.
The interior.
घर ghar (1)
Home, house, residence, apartment, room.
Compartment.
Native place, homeland.
Office.
Square or cell (in a chess-board).
गिरना girnā (1)
To fall.
गीत gīt (1)
good morning (1)
Good morning.
हां hā̃ (1)
Yes, yea.
हक hak (1)
हर har (1)
हार hār (1)
हार hār (1)
हर एक har ēk (1)
Each, every.
Each one, everybody.
हरना harnā (1)
हारना hārnā (1)
हाथ hāth (1)
The hand, the wrist, the pulse.
Hand, member (of a work team).
A hand (at cards).
Hand, contribution (in some activity).
Handle, arm (of a chair).
हठयोगी haṭhyōgī (1)
हज़ार hazār (1)
Thousand, 1000.
heaven (1)
Heaven.
(Bābā) Paradise on Earth in the golden age.
hell (1)
Hell.
(Bābā) Hell on Earth in the Iron Age (and to a lesser extent in the Copper Age).
her (1)
हीरा hīrā (1)
Diamond.
इनाम inām (1)
Prize, reward, award.
incognito (1)
ईश्वरीय īśhvarīy (1)
Pertaining to deity, divine, godlike.
(Bābā) Of Īśvar, of God.
जब तक jab tak (1)
As long as.
(with negation) until.
जलाना jalānā (1)
To light, to kindle, to burn, to scorch, to excite envy, to provoke jealousy.
जलना jalnā (1)
जास्ती jāstī (1)
More. (often used as a comparison)
जयन्ती jayantī (1)
A jubilee, a birthday celebration, a flag, a banner.
(जयन्ति jayanti conjugated form in Sanskrit of the verb ji "to conquer") They conquer.
जीत jīt (1)
जितना jitnā (1)
As much as, as many, how much, however much.
जीतना jītnā (1)
जुत्ती juttī (1)
A slipper, a typical light shoe.
Ladies footwear.
ज्वाला jvālā (1)
Flame, blaze.
ज्यादा jyādā (1)
More, -er (also used in comparatives and superlatives).
Additional; superfluous, redundant; too much, excessive.
Superfluously; excessively, &c.
Many, much, plenty.
कभी kabhī (1)
Sometime, ever.
कलियुग kaliyug (1)
The kali age, the iron age, the fourth and the last age of the universe according to the Hindu mythology.
(fig.) the age of vice.
कलियुगी kaliyugī (1)
Of kaliyug: iron-aged.
कम kam (1)
Less (also used in comparisons).
Little, few, scanty, short, small, deficient.
Rarely, seldom.
कौन सा kaun sā (1)
Interrogative adjective and pronoun : which.
खण्ड khaṇḍ (1)
Piece, fragment, part, portion.
Division (of a house, or a country, or of the earth).
Subdivision, section (of a work), chapter.
Apartment (of a house, &c.).
Side, quarter.
District, province, region.
कुछ kuchh (1)
Something; anything.
A little, some.
fig. sthg. particular.
Some; any.
A few.
Somewhat, a little, at all.
लिए liē (1)
For, with a view to, for the sake of, on account of.
Taking, carrying, bearing.
लिखना likhnā (1)
To write, to enter, register, record, inscribe, note, compose (a work), enter (in a book).
मधुबन madhuban (1)
(Hinduism) 'The forest of the demon Madhu,' near the Yamuna river (where Śhatru-ghna, after killing Lavaṇa, son of Madhu, founded the city of Madhurā or Mathurā, the city where Kr̥iṣhṇa was born, where God was incarnated).
(Bābā) Place where the seat of the Brahma Kumaris is located where the Supreme Being has descended on numerous occasions (in the body of Brahmā, then of Dadi Gulzar).
The great war of the Bharatas or descendants of Bharat.
The great narrative of the war of the Bharatas (name of the great epic poem — ascribed to Vyasa — describing the acts, rivalries, and contests of the Kurus and Pāṇḍus, two great collateral branches of the house of Bhārat, so called from Bharat its founder).
मालिक mālik (1)
Master, employer, owner, lord (as landlord), proprietor.
Husband.
मनाना manānā (1)
'to make mindful'.
To cause to agree, to persuade; to reason with; to prevail on.
To console.
To conciliate (an opponent, one offended); to placate; to soothe.
To invoke (a deity); to worship; to propitiate (a patron, &c.).
To cause to be kept, to celebrate (as a festival, a holiday).
(poetry) To acknowledge (a fault).
To meditate, to reflect on.
मनुष्य manuṣhya (1)
A man, a human being.
मनुष्य सृष्टि manuṣhya sr̥iṣhṭi (1)
Creation of human beings.
Human world.
मरना marnā (1)
To die, to pass away, to wither away, to become ineffective, to vanish, to disappear, to discontinue, to be absorbed, to fall for. Death, post-death rites.
मात māt (1)
मात-पिता, माता-पिता māt-pitā, mātā-pitā (1)
Mother and father, parents.
Lord, master, protector.
माता mātā (1)
Mother.
An affectionate or respectful term of address to a woman.
The small-pox (so named from the goddess Devī; cf. sītalā).
minister (1)
Minister.
मिटाना miṭānā (1)
मीठा mīṭhā (1)
Sweet, pleasant.
Sweetmeat, jaggery.
मिटना miṭnā (1)
To be effaced, to be erased.
To be ruined, to be undone, to be destructed.
मुर्दा murdā (1)
नर्क nark (1)
Hell (the place of torment, as distinguished from pātāl, 'the lower regions' ; narak includes a number of places of torture of various descriptions, generally said to be twenty-one in number).
नाटक nāṭak (1)
Drama, play.
नया nayā (1)
New, novel, fresh, unused, green, recent, modern, raw, inexperienced, young.
नेती nētī (1)
Not in this manner, not thus.
A Sanskrit expression (meaning 'there is no end') used by philosophers to underline the view that He (God) defies all description.
निकलना nikalnā (1)
To come out, to get out, to emerge, to rise, to ooze out, to proceed, to emanate, to appear, to be extracted, to be deduced, to be solved, to issue or be issued, to be published, to slink away.
निकालना nikālnā (1)
निष्काम niṣhkām (1)
Without attachment, disinterested, free from desires, free from wishes, desireless, unselfish.
न्यारा nyārā (1)
Separate(d), staying away (from a joint family), unique, novel, distinct.
पहले से pahlē sē (1)
From the first, from the very commencement.
At first, in the first place.
Already, beforehand.
पकड़ना pakaṛnā (1)
परम param (1)
Extreme, ultimate, absolute, supreme, best, utmost.
The Supreme Being, God.
Extremely, ultimately, absolutely, supremely, to the highest degree.
पढ़ना paṛhnā (1)
To read, to study, to recite.
A fairyland.
An enchanting world of beauty.
(Bābā) The kingdom of fairies which is the kingdom of divinities (a divinity is beautiful like a fairy): Satyug.
फल phal (1)
Fruit (from a tree).
(fig.) Fruit, reward, return, effect, outcome, result, consequence, product.
फिर भी phir bhī (1)
Notwithstanding, even then, in spite of that.
पीछे pīchhē (1)
Behind, on the back side of.
After, afterwards.
Backwards.
In the absence of.
पिता pitā (1)
Father, procreator, progenitor.
पोत्रा pōtrā (1)
Son of a son, grandson.
प्रजा prajā (1)
Subjects, public, people.
प्रजापिता ब्रह्मा prajāpitā brahmā (1)
(Hinduism prajāpati Brahmā) Brahmā the Father of creatures.
(Bābā) Brahmā the Father of humanity.
प्राप्ति prāpti (1)
Obtaining, acquisition; attainment (to a goal, a level); fulfilment (of a request).
Gain, advantage; income.
Receipt (of a letter, &c.); reception (of guests).
प्रश्न praśhna (1)
Question, query, interrogation, interpellation, problem.
Early morning Murlī.
प्रति prati (1)
Towards.
पुण्य puṇya (1)
Good, virtue, right, moral or religious merit.
Good deed, righteous action.
Sacred, holy, virtuous, righteous.
पूरी pūrī (1)
A thin cake of meal fried in ghī or oil.
question (1)
Question.
रचयिता rachayitā (1)
Creator, composer, author.
रहित rahit (1)
Without, devoid of, bereft of.
राजयोग rājyōg (1)
'Yoga of the king', Raja Yoga, the highest, kingly yoga. The union of the soul with the Supreme Soul. The yoga that makes us the rulers of the self and the kings of the world.
राम rām (1)
Charming (God’s title).
(Hinduism) Ramchandra-the greatest of the ancient Indian kings of Solar dynasty and the hero of the great Indian epic—Ra:ma:yāṉ; God, an incarnation of Vishṉū.
(Bābā) The name of the first king of silver age.
(Bābā) A character from the Ramayana considered as an incarnation of God and symbolizing the forces of Good.
The rule of Rām. Golden rule. Just, equitable and ideal rule.
(Bābā) The kingdom of God. (in the golden age for gods and goddesses and established by God)
राय rāy (1)
राय rāy (1)
repeat (1)
To repeat.
royalty (1)
Royalty.
r̥iṣhi or muni.
रूहानी बाप की रूहानी बच्चों को नमस्ते rūhānī bāp kī rūhānī bachchō̃ kō namastē (1)
रूप rūp (1)
Rūp, the one who smiles while making the flowers of virtues emerge from his lips. He is the embodiment of Yoga.
Form, shape, appearance, aspect, image, beauty, good looks, mould, type.
सब कुछ sab kuchh (1)
Everything, all.
सच्चा sachchā (1)
True, genuine, real.
Truthful, sincere, loyal, faithful.
सद्गति sadgati (1)
Salvation, assignment to a better abode in the post-death existence.
(Bābā) Fruit, the same as jeevanmukti. It is therefore Salvation, life in the golden age but at the same time this Salvation is quantified by the measure of the efforts made today (which gives the future position of king, subject, servant).
The Giver of sadgati: The one who bestows Salvation, a better abode in the post-death existence.
(Bābā) The one who bestows Salvation or Fruit (the reward of the golden age world).
साधू sādhū (1)
A hermit, a religious mendicant.
Sādhū and sant, sādhū and saint.
सहज sahaj (1)
Easy, simple.
Spontaneous, straightforward, ingenuous.
Innate, natural, congenital.
सहायक sahāyak (1)
A helper, an assistant.
Auxiliary, assistant.
सखा sakhā (1)
A friend, companion.
Interview.
Perception or apprehension of a god in a vision.
(Bābā) Divine vision. God grants these visions to devotees of all religions in the copper and iron ages and also to the Brahma kumaris who have this role (trance messenger) or at the beginning and end of this age (of meeting with God).
शक्ति śhakti (1)
Power, strength, potency, energy.
Name of the goddess personifying divine power.
The energy or active power of a deity personified as his wife (as Gaurī of Śhiv, Lakṣhmī of viṣhṇu, &c.)
(Brahma kumaris) Sister, mother.
Śhiv Śhakti, the powers of Śhiv. In Bhakti they are portrayed as goddesses sitting on a lion, swan, lotus etc. They are symbolic of the victory over vices (demons). As power of Śhiv, brothers are Śhiv Śhakti too.
सामग्री sāmagrī (1)
Matter, substance.
Material, things, stuff.
Data, information.
(Hinduism) the necessary items for homa (or yagya), the fire-sacrifice ritual.
समान samān (1)
Equal, equivalent, similar, alike, identical, tantamount.
संभाल sambhāl (1)
संगम saṅgam (1)
Confluence, union, meeting.
शंकर śhaṅkar (1)
(Hinduism) 'Causing happiness', an epithet of Śiv or Mahādev.
(Hinduism) The annihilator of the universe.
(Hinduism) Name of a celebrated teacher of the Vedānta philosophy (he was a man of remarkable learning and sanctity; and is supposed to have lived between A.D. 650 and 740; but according to tradition he flourished 200 B.C.: he is said to have eradicated the Jain sect).
(Bābā) The subtle divinity representing destruction, part of the trimurti with Brahma and Vishnu.
Cultured, refined.
Sanskrit (language).
Abode of Peace, Calmness, Rest, Silence.
शरीर śharīr (1)
Body.
शास्त्र śhāstra (1)
Scripture(s), a religious or scientific treatise, a composition of divine or secular authority.
साथ sāth (1)
With, together, along with.
Company, association.
scene (1)
Scene.
सेना sēnā (1)
Army, the military.
सेठ sēṭh (1)
सेवा sēvā (1)
Service.
(Bābā) Selfless use of our mind, body and wealth for the benefit of the world.
सिखाना sikhānā (1)
To train, to teach, to instruct, to school.
सिखलाना sikhlānā (1)
To train, to teach, to instruct, to school.
Persian word derived from the Sindhi word "sik" which means "very dear". Just like ordinary parents, after waiting a lot, have a lot of sik-sik (love) for the child at birth. Likewise after 5000 years, the children meet at the confluence, then there is a lot of love for the children.
(Bābā) Who disappear and then are found after a long time.
सीताराम sītārām (1)
शिवालय śhivālay (1)
Abode of Śhiv.
(Hinduism) A temple or shrine dedicated to Śhiv
(Hinduism) A cemetery, a place where bodies are burnt.
(Bābā) śhāntidhām, the abode of silence, the incorporeal world.
(Bābā) sukhdhām, the abode of happiness, the earthly world in the golden age and to a lesser extent in the silver age.
Siv's night. Name of a festival in honour of Śiv (kept, with a fast during the day and night and sometimes with observations extending over a longer period, on the fourteenth of the dark half of the month Phālgun).
(Bābā) Shiv jayanti, the birthday of Shiva, also known as Shiv Ratri (the Night of Shiva). Memorial of the Supreme Father coming onto the Earth in the dark night of ignorance and vices for establishment of the new world It is usually celebrated in February or March.
slogan (1)
Slogan.
सोचना sōchnā (1)
To think, to reflect, to ponder over, to consider.
सोझरा sōjharā (1)
Light, brightness.
सोमनाथ sōmnāth (1)
Soma's lord. (Soma = nectar, ambrosia, beverage of the gods or the deity who personifies this drink).
Name of a celebrated Linga, i.e. columnar emblem of Śiva or Mahādev, or of the place or temple where it was set up (this temple was established in the town of Somnāth-pattan, and was one of the twelve celebrated Linga temples which, in various parts of India, are held in especial veneration; it was so famed for its splendour and enormous wealth, that it attracted the attention of the celebrated Maḥmūd of Gaznī, who, in A.D. 1024, under pretext of destroying its idols, carried off its treasures along with its renowned gates).
(Bābā) Śhiv The Lord of the beverage of Knowledge who brings immortality and transforms us into divinity.
son shows father (1)
सोना sōnā (1)
To sleep.
श्रीमत śhrīmat (1)
The divine (śrī) doctrine containing the directions or opinions of God : the murlī.
शूद्र śhūdra (1)
Member of the fourth or servile caste of the Hindūs (whose only business, according to Manu, was to serve the three higher castes; he is fabled to have sprung from the feet of Brahmā).
(Bābā) Human beings in the Iron Age are all of this social class.
सुख sukh (1)
Happiness, pleasure, comfort, felicity, contentment.
सुनाना sunānā (1)
To cause to hear, to relate, to read out, to recite, to pronounce.
The one belonging to the solar dynasty or race.
(Bābā) A descendant of the solar lineage (lineage of golden age deities).
स्वामी svāmī (1)
Owner, proprietor, master, lord, king.
Title of the supreme being.
Head of a religious order.
Title given to a renowned sage or devotee.
Husband, lover.
स्वयं svayã (1)
तब तक tab tak (1)
(Bābā) The highest level of impurity, degradation: stage of iron age.
तन tan (1)
Body.
तप tap (1)
Devout austerity, asceticism, self-mortification, penance.
तपना tapnā (1)
To be heated.
To burn with pain or grief.
To practise self-mortification.
teacher (1)
Teacher.
ठोक ṭhōk (1)
थोड़ा thōṛā (1)
A little, some, meagre, scanty.
Short.
time (1)
Time.
तो भी tō bhī (1)
Even so, even then, in spite of this/that, nevertheless, nonetheless, still. (often used with bhal 'even though')
तोड़ना tōṛnā (1)
To break, to violate, to fracture, to pluck, to disband, to twist, to demolish, to snap.
To change (into coins or currency notes of smaller denomination).
To reduce.
To win over, to cause to defect.
टुकड़ा ṭukṛā (1)
Piece, fragment, part, splinter.
Leavings.
The most elevated, the loftiest, the highest, the most eminent.
उपनिषद upaniṣhad (1)
उतना utnā (1)
उत्तर uttar (1)
Answer, reply.
North.
Later.
व va (1)
वाँ vā̃ (1)
-th.
वरदान vardān (1)
Granting a favor or a wish, blessing.
(Hindu mythology) A blessing, typically a supernatural power, granted to an ascetic by a god or goddess.
वर्ष varṣh (1)
Year.
वर्सा varsā (1)
The inheritance. What our father leaves behind after he leaves.
वेद vēd (1)
The most ancient and sacred scriptures of the Hindus, four in number, viz, Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda; knowledge, divine knowledge.
'abode of the prostitute'. Brothel.
(Bābā) Iron age.
To disappear, to be destroyed.
विष्णु viṣhṇu (1)
The Preserver of the world who adds himself to the Creator Brahmā and the Destroyer Śaṅkar (confused with Śiv the Supreme Being in Hinduism) to form the trimūrti.
(Bābā) Four-armed deity. A symbol of harmony of masculine and feminine qualities in a perfect person. A symbol of pure family path, a symbol of perfect couple.
व्यवहार vyavahār (1)
Behaviour.
Dealings, treatment.
Transaction.
Practice.
Usage, use.
Application.
warrior (1)
Warrior.
Yād and pyār: remembrance and love, remembrance and affection.
योग yōg (1)
Connection, union.
Combination; conjuncture (as of heavenly bodies); agreement, similarity.
Yoga, a theory or practice of abstract meditation undertaken to bring the soul towards or into union with the supreme spirit; bodily exercises or disciplines, as conducive to the above.
(Bābā) Union in remembrance (especially with the Father).
योगबल yōgbal (1)
Power of Yōg.